Exam (elaborations)
water treatment exam|367 Questions with Solutions
- Course
- Institution
water treatment exam|367 Questions with Solutions
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Victorious23
Reviews received
Content preview
water treatment exam|367 Questionswith Solutions
What is the purpose of adding Carbon Dioxide to Softened water? - -
Restores the Carbonate Balance.
-How is lime sludge dewatered? - -By Solar Lagoons
-How can Non-Carbonate Hardness be achieved? - -By Sodium Carbonate,
Ion Exchange, Membrane Separation, Sodium Hydroxide.
-What is Selective Carbonate Removal? - -Removal of Calcium Bicarbonate
Hardness at PH of 9.6.
-Noncarbonate hardness present in water means? - -The Total Hardness is
greater than the Total Alkalinity.
-What processes will remove Non-Carbonate Hardness? - -Ion Exchange
Softening, Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3), and Sodium Hydroxide (NAOH).
-What Constituents that can cause Non-Carbonate Hardness? - -Calcium
Sulfate (CASO4), Calcium Chloride (CACL2), Magnesium Chloride (MGCL2),
Magnesium Sulfate (MGSO4), Strontium Sulfate (SRSO4).
-What is required for Selective Carbonate Hardness? - -Calcium Oxide
(OC)Lime and Sodium Carbonate (NA2CO3)Soda Ash.
-What Chemicals Increase Alkalinity and PH? - -Calcium Hypochlorite
(CAOCL2), Caustic Soda (NAOH), Hydrated Lime (CAOH2), Soda Ash
(NA2CO3), Sodium Aluminate (NAALO2)
-What is the correct method in determining Total Hydroxide Alkalinity during
the Lime Softening Process? - -2P-T
-During Split Treatment process excess lime is added to water to remove? -
-Magnesium (MG)
-What chemical is used to remove Non-Carbonate Hardness during
Precipitation Softening? - -Sodium Carbonate (NA2CO3) Soda Ash
-When Alkalinity as (CACO3) is greater than the Total Hardness and the PH is
9.0 how is softening achieved? - -By reducing only the Carbonates.
,-What is the first step in water Softening process? - -Converting Carbon
Dioxide to Calcium Carbonate.
-What minerals are precipitated out and cause hard water during softening
process? - -Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Hydroxide.
-What is the minimum hardness Ion Exchange Softening can achieve? - -
Zero Hardness
-What PH is required to remove Magnesium during the Split Treatment
process? - -PH of 11.1 or higher
-During Ion Exchange Softening what substance is exchanged for calcium
and magnesium and will appear in the product water? - -Sodium
-What is not effected by passing through Ion Exchange Unit? - -PH
-During Ion Exchange Process what can cause a salty taste in the product
water? - -The rinse was unsuccessful.
-What is the primary cause of resin breakdown during the Ion Exchange
Softening process? - -Iron Fouling
-During Ion Exchange Softening what will happen to iron in the ferric form? -
-Resin will remove the iron.
-What is the 3rd stage in Ion Exchange Process? - -Brine
-What is the minimum hardness Lime Soda Ash Softening can achieve? - -30
to 40 MG/L
-What can Lime Softening remove? - -THM Precursors and Bivalent Ions
-What are THM samples based on? - -Population
-How are THMs formed? - -Combining of Free Chlorine and Natural
Hydrocarbons.(Least are formed at lower ph.)
-Purpose of adding ammonia to Potable Water? - -To form Combined
Chlorine Residual
-What are THM Precursors? - -Natural Occuring Organic Compounds.
-What is the frequency of collecting THM samples? - -Must be reported
quarterly.
, -What are the limitations of Chloramine residuals? - -Not as effective as
Free Chlorine.
-How can a liquid Chlorine spill be controlled? - -By using Sodium Hydroxide
(NAOH) Caustic Soda or Lye.
-What is formed when Chlorine is dissolved in water? - -Hypochlorous Acid
(Disassociates at high PH)
-What Chlorine/Ammonia compound has the most effective Bactericide
Power? - -Trichloramines
-What does CPRV stand for? - -Chlorine Pressure Regulating Valve
-What happens when Chlorine Dioxide reacts with water? - -Chlorite (CLO2)
Ions and Chlorate (CLO3) Ions are formed.
-What diseases are transmitted by water? - -Giardasis, Typhoid Fever,
Dysentery, and Hepatitis A
-What causes Chlorine disinfecting power to diminish? - -Temperature
decrease and Hypochlorite (OCL) Ion predominates.
-What lowers Alkalinity and PH? - -Aluminum Sulfate (ALUM), AL2 (SO4)3
18H20, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Chlorine Gas (CL2), Ferric Chloride (FECL3),
Ferric Sulfate (FE2 (SO4)3, Sulfuric Acid H2SO4
-What corrosion is caused by contact between 2 dissimilar metals? - -
Galvanic Corrosion
-How can Hydrogen Sulfide with a PH of 9.4 be removed from water? - -By
increasing Aeration and lowering PH.
-What is the best position a Reverse Osmosis filter should be operated? - -
Staggered with gradually decreasing number of modules.
-When should Reverse Osmosis Elements be cleaned? - -At higher
differential pressures.
-What causes fouling in a Reverse Osmosis Unit? - -Bacteria
-What causes Polarization in a Reverse Osmosis System? - -Mineral deposits
along the edge of the membrane.
-What is removed by Pretreatment in a Reverse Osmosis System? - -
Colloidal Material
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Victorious23. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83637 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now