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Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing 6th Edition Potter Test BankChapter 05: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. How is the idea of a theory best explained?
a. “Mental maps” that make sense of information and decisional processes.
b. Mental formulations of objects or events.
c. Aspects of reality that can be consciously sensed.
d. A purposeful set of assumptions that identify relationships between concepts.
ANS: D
A theory is a purposeful set of assumptions that identify the relationships between concepts.
Theories are useful because they provide a systematic view of explaining, predicting, and
prescribing phenomena. The description “‘Mental maps’ that make sense of information and
decisional processes” explains the idea of conceptual frameworks, which link ideas together.
The description “Mental formulations of objects or events” explains the idea of concepts. The
description “Aspects of reality that can be consciously sensed” explains the idea of
phenomena.
DIF: Understand REF: 63
OBJ: Describe selected theories of nursing practice and differentiate between them.
TOP: Assessment MSC: CPNRE: Foundations of Practice
2. Different types of theories may be used by nurses seeking to study the basis of nursing
practice. The theory about why phenomena occur is which of the following?
a. Prescriptive. NURSINGTB.COM
b. Descriptive.
c. Grand.
d. Middle-range.
ANS: B
Descriptive theories are descriptions of phenomena, speculations on why phenomena occur,
and explanations of the consequences of phenomena. Prescriptive theories address nursing
interventions and help predict the consequences of a specific nursing intervention. Grand
theories provide the structural framework for broad, abstract ideas about nursing.
Middle-range theories address specific phenomena or concepts and reflect practice.
DIF: Understand REF: 65, Table 5-2
OBJ: Describe selected theories of nursing practice and differentiate between them.
TOP: Assessment MSC: CPNRE: Foundations of Practice
3. A body of knowledge that encompasses definitions of person, environment, health, and
nursing is referred to as which of the following?
a. Family nursing practice.
b. Prescriptive nursing theory.
c. Advanced nursing practice.
d. Metaparadigm of nursing.
ANS: D
NURSINGTB.COM
, Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing 6th Edition Potter Test Bank
The major components of nursing theory, sometimes called the metaparadigm concepts, are
person, environment, health, and nursing. Family nursing practice, although perhaps focusing
on all of these concepts, is not a body of knowledge. Prescriptive nursing theory addresses
nursing interventions and helps predict consequences of a specific intervention. Advanced
nursing practice may focus on these concepts but is not a body of knowledge specific to these
concepts.
DIF: Understand REF: 65 | 66
OBJ: Describe selected theories of nursing practice and differentiate between them.
TOP: Assessment MSC: CPNRE: Foundations of Practice
4. Within a health care system that is based on Betty Neuman’s theory, what is the nurse’s goal
in caring for a patient who is having difficulty breathing and requires oxygen and medication?
a. Strengthen the line of defences and focus on prevention.
b. Promote attainment of biological self-care requisites.
c. Assist in physiological adaptation to internal changes.
d. Achieve the 14 basic needs.
ANS: A
Neuman’s framework for practice includes nursing actions that focus on actual or potential
stressors, and thus on prevention. Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the attainment of
self-care. Sister Callista Roy’s theory focuses on adaptation. Virginia Henderson’s theory
focuses on helping the patient to achieve 14 basic needs.
DIF: Apply REF: 69 | 70
OBJ: Recognize selected conceptual frameworks associated with nursing practice.
TOP: Implementation MSC: CPNRE: Foundations of Practice
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5. Although the different nursing theories have similarities, key elements distinguish one from
another. What is the emphasis of Jean Watson’s conceptual model?
a. Self-care maintains wholeness.
b. Subsystems exist in dynamic stability.
c. Stimuli disrupt an adaptive system.
d. Caring is central to the essence of nursing.
ANS: D
Watson believed that nurses must do far more than deal with physical illness; they must attend
to their primary function, which is caring. From Watson’s perspective, caring infuses all
aspects of a nurse’s role and draws attention to nursing acts as embodying an esthetic that
facilitates both healing and growth. Self-care is central to Dorothea Orem’s theory. The key
emphasis of Dorothy Johnson’s theory is that subsystems exist in dynamic stability. The key
emphasis of Sister Callista Roy’s theory is that stimuli disrupt an adaptive system.
DIF: Understand REF: 71
OBJ: Recognize selected conceptual frameworks associated with nursing practice.
TOP: Planning MSC: CPNRE: Foundations of Practice
6. A community health nurse is working with a variety of patients and decides to use a systems
theory approach to help them to meet their health care needs. When using systems theory, the
nurse focuses on which of the following?
a. The patient’s interaction with his or her environment.
NURSINGTB.COM
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