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Exam (elaborations)

NBME practice exam -1 questions and answers

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NBME practice exam -1 questions and answers

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  • October 22, 2024
  • 45
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NBME
  • NBME
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UPPERFRONT
NBME practice exam #1 questions and
answers


Mitotic iicyclin iisynthesis ii

Hemolysis~ iidec iiHgb/hematocrit, iiinc iiLDH

G2 iiphase

Vitamin iiE iidef iianemia

Hemolytic iianemia~ iired iiantioxidants iivs iiB12 iidef ii(megaloblastic iimacrocytic
iianemia) ii(normal iiMCV), iiand iineurologic iisymptoms


vs iiB12 iidef: iidec iiHgb/hematocrit, iiinc iiMCV, iiand iineurologic iisymptoms ii(dorsal
iicolumn)




Volume iiof iidistribution

Vd ii= ii(amount iiof iidrug iiin iithe iibody) ii/ ii(plasma iidrug iiconcentration)

Achondroplasia

Endochondrial iiossification iidysfunction ii(inhibit iichondrocyte iiproliferation)

TGF iibeta iiover iiexpression

Fibroblast iigrowth iifactor ii~ iikeloid iiand iihypertrophic iiscar iidevelopment

Thyroglossal iiduct iicyst

,a iipalpable iicystic iimidline iimass ii(fill iiw/mucous) iiin iithe iineck iisub>supra iihyoid
iibone ii~incomplete iiclosure iiof iithe iithyroglossal iiduct iilined iiby iilymphoid iiand

iimucous iicells


Connects iitongue iito iithyroid iigland iideveloping: iioriginates iifrom iitongue iitissue

Doesn't iiclose iicompletely-> iicyst ii(fill iiw/mucous)

-enlarge iiin iiinfections, iiinc iimucous, iiform iithyroid iicancer iivia iiectopic iithyroid
iitissue ii


Moves iiw/tongue iimvmt ii




Immunoreactive iitrypsinogen ii(IRT)

Measurement iiin iiblood iiof iinewborn iibabies iiis iian iiassay iiin iirapidly iiincreasing
iiuse iias iia iiscreening iitest iifor iicystic iifibrosis


Positive~ iiCF ii(2 iimutations- iiAR iito iicause iiCF iiphenotype)

Mullerian iiagenesis ii(Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser iisyndrome) iivs iiandrogen
iiinsensitivity


Both iipresent iiw/blind iivaginal iipouch iiand iiabsent ii1st iimenstrual iiperiod

AI: iiXY iiw/absent iihair iidevelopment ii(inc iitesoterone-> iiestrogen iiproduction
iiand iifemale iicharacteristics) iiMIF iistill iimade iiin iiembryo, iialso iimay iibe iivery iitall~

iilack iiof iiandrogen iimediated iigrowth iiplate iiclosure


MA: iiXX iiw/NORMAL iihair iidevelopment ii

suspensory iiligament iiof iiovary

Ligament iithat iicontains iiovarian iivessels

,-posterior iito iiligament~ iiureter ii

Oophorectomy: iidivides iisuspensory iiligament~ iirisk iiof iiovarian iivessel iiof iiureter
iidamage ii


Ureter: iialso iiruns iibehind iithe iiuterine iiartery ii(F) iiand iivas iideferens ii(M) iinear
iiits iientrance iito iithe iibladder ii




delirium iitremens ii(DTs)

the iidramatic iiphysical iiand iipsychological iieffects iiof iialcohol iiwithdrawal

-> iiautonomic iiinstability~ iihypokalemia ii(catecholamine iimediated iiintracellular
iishifts iiof iiK+ iivia iiinc iiNa/K+ iiATPase iiactivity)-> iiarrythmias ii




Beneficence

weighing iirisks iiand iicosts iiof iiprocedure iiagainst iithe iibenefits iiof iitreat iiment iivs
iinonmaleficence: iiavoiding iithe iicausation iiof iiharm


Zellweger iisyndrome

Peroxisomal iidisease

can't iimetabolize iivery iilong iichain iiFA ii(VLCFAs) iior iibranched-chain iiFAs ii(e.g.
iiphytanic iiacid, iivia iialpha-oxidation)


Serum: iihigh iibilirubin, iiAST/ALT iiand iiVLFAs**

Can't iiform iimyelin iiin iiCNS. ii

, Hypotonia, iiseizures, iihepatomegaly, iijaundice, iiMR, iifacial iidefects-look iilike
iijimmy iineutron ii




Myositis iiossificans

a iicondition iiin iiwhich iibone iiforms iiin iiand iireplaces iimuscle iitissue~Ca
iideposition iias iia iiresult iiof iitrauma




Radiation iitherapy

treatment iiof iicancer iiwith iia iiradioactive iisubstance, iix-ray, iior iiradiation~ iiFree
iiradical ii(OH-) iiformation ii~ iiXray iior iigamma ii


Obstructive iisleep iiapnea

inc iiBMI, iiprogressive/chronic iidaytime iisleepiness iiand iifatigue

-awakes iiin iithe iimiddle iiof iithe iinight: iihypoxemia iiand iihypercapnia ii~ iiresp
iidepression


Complications: iiPeripheral iiedema iiand iiloud iiS2 ii~ iisystemic iiHTN ii(sympathetic
iioverstimulation iiwhen iiO2 iidrops iitoo iilow) iileading iito iivasoconstriction iiand

iiinc iiHR


Pulmonary iiHTN~ iiRHF ii(transient iihypoxemia iiat iinight)

vs iicentral iiSA: iiloss iiof iiresp iidrive

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