Summary
Summary NSG 122 Exam 5 Review
- Course
- NSG 122
- Institution
- Herzing University
This is a comprehensive and detailed review on exam 5. *Essential Study Material!!
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Page 1 of 14NSG 122 Fundamentals
Exam 5 Review
Unit 13: Nursing Support of Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Balance
Topic: Location
Fluid Loss: definitions and Types Sensible losses can be measured and include NSG122.13.01.01.
fluid lost during urination, defecation, and
A. Sensible wounds.
B. Insensible
Insensible losses cannot be measured or
seen and include fluid lost from evaporation
through the skin and as water vapor from
the lungs during respiration.
Fluid Intake: Regulation A.) Fluid intake is regulated primarily by NSG122.13.01.01
the thirst mechanism, which is
A. Hypothalamus-controls thirst located within the hypothalamus. It
B. Kidneys- Na retention and Urine output is stimulated by intracellular
dehydration and decreased blood
C. Metabolic Oxidation- fluid from food volume.
breakdown B.) Kidneys function in production of
urine and salt retention. About
1,500 mL of daily output comes from
kidneys
C.) About 300 mL of daily intake comes
from metabolic oxidation, which is
fluid from food breakdown
Fluid and Electrolyte: Regulation A.) Adrenal glands- regulate blood NSG122.13.01.02.
volume and sodium and potassium
A. Adrenal Glands balance by secreting aldosterone, a
B. Pituitary Glands mineral corticoid secreted by the
adrenal cortex, causing sodium
C. Thyroid glands retention and potassium loss.
Decreased secretion of aldosterone
causes sodium and water loss and
potassium retention. The secretion
of cortisol in large quantities can
produce sodium and water retention
and potassium deficit.
B.)
Body Fluid Compartments: Types A.) 2/3 of body fluid. Fluid that is inside the NSG122.13.01.03
, Page 2 of 14
A. Intracellular fluid (ICF) within cells cell, where most of the body fluid is found.
B. Extracellular fluid (ECF) outside of cells B.) 1/3 of body fluid. Plasma- fluid in the
circulation. Fluid between cells. Contains
two major areas: the intravascular and
interstitial compartments. A third, usually
minor, compartment is the transcellular
fluid. Plasma is the intravascular fluid, and
interstitial fluid is the fluid that surrounds
tissue cells and includes lymph.
Water first enters the ECF and can then
move between the different fluid
compartments. It moves passively in
response to osmotic gradients.
Fluid Volume: Signs and Symptoms: Deficit A.) Intracellular-concentrated urine, NSG122.13.02.01
weakness, thirst, dry mucuous
A. Intercellular membranes.DEHYDRATION
B. Intracellular B.) Extracelluar- The fluid has not been
lost but is trapped in another space
for a period of time and is essentially
unavailable for use. Symtoms/signs:
decreased albumin, weight loss,
edema. HYPOVOLEMIA
Fluid Volume: Excess Daily weights? )-NSG122.13.02.01
A. Most Accurate Assessment of Fluid
Volume
Fluid Volume Deficit: Third Space fluid shift: A.) Third space fluid shift= a NSG122.13.01.03
Definition distributional shift of body fluids
into the transcellular
A. Definition
compartment, such as the
B. Deficit in ECF occurs pleural, peritoneal, or pericardial
areas; joint cavities; the bowel; or
C. Becomes trapped in the body
an excess accumulation of fluid in
D. Causes: Burns, Sepsis, ect the interstitial spaces.
B.) Deficit in ECF occurs
C.) The fluid has not been lost but is
trapped in another body space
for a period of time and is
essentially unavailable for use
D.) Causes: severe burn, bowel
obstruction, surgical procedure,
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