PRAXIS 5403 (test Questions and
answers) /Complete Solutions
Four Ethical Principles - ✔Principal 1: Respecting the dignity and rights or all persons
Principal 2: Professional Competence and Responsibility
Principal 3:Honesty and Integrity in Professional Relationships
Principal 4: Responsibility to Schools, Families, Communities, the Profession, and Society
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development - ✔Trust vs. mistrust (infant)
Autonomy vs. shame/doubt (2-3)
Initiative vs. guilt (3-5) Elementary School
Industry vs. inferiority (6-11) Elementary School
Identity vs. role confusion (teenagers) Middle and High School
Intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood) High School/ College
Generativity vs. stagnation (middle age) Ego integrity vs.
despair (old age)
Gordon Allport - ✔trait theory of personality; 3 levels of traits: cardinal, central,
and secondary
Hippocrates - ✔Posted the earliest theories of personality in the 5th
century Four "Humors" or bodily fluids
,William Sheldon - ✔theory that linked personality to physique on the grounds that both are
governed by genetic endowment; endomorphic (large), mesomorphic (average), ectomorphic
(skinny)
A.D. Galen - ✔Expanded Hippocrates by specifying those dominated by blood and yellow bile
Big 5 Personality Traits - ✔1. extraversion
2. agreeableness
3. neuroticism
4. conscientiousness
5. openness to experience
norm-referenced tests - ✔Standardized assessments intended to compare a
student's performance with the performance of others
Frued's 5 stages - ✔1. Oral (birth- 1 month)
2. Anal (2-3)
3. Phallic (4-5) discovery on conscious and unconscious sexual desires
4. Latency (6-12) Child's sexuality becomes latent (ego mechanism)
5. Genital (13-18) Developing mature sexual intimacy
Observational measures of school psych - ✔focus on the processes of behavior, products
of behavior, and direct observation
Activity- Based Inventory - ✔NOT designed to explore grades, but rather family, friends,
and games
, Child Behavior Checklist - ✔This tool is used for minors 4 through 18. The CBCL investigates
behavior problems among children to address the issues of social competency and behavior. It
contains a total of 138 items to determine social and behavioral discrepancies among minors.
REPORTED BY PARENTS
Alfred Binet - ✔1857-1911; Field: testing; Contributions: general IQ tests, designed test to
identify slow learners in need of remediation-not applicable in the U.S. because too culture-
bound (French)
PUBLISHED THE FIRST WORKING INTELLIGENCE TEST IN 1905
Lewis Terman - ✔revised Binet's IQ test and established norms for American children;
tested group of young geniuses and followed in a longitudinal study that lasted beyond his
own lifetime to show that high IQ does not necessarily lead to wonderful things in life
David Wechsler - ✔Developed WAIS and WISC (IQ tests)
ADDED NONVERBAL AS WELL AS VERBAL MEASURES
Raymond Cattell - ✔Created culture-free intelligence test in 1949.
In 1963 he identified the distinction between crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence
EF a student must use to succeed in school? - ✔- retrieve previously learned information
- organize a report, essay, or project parts
- assign appropriate priority to each item
What is most effective for developing phonemic awareness? - ✔combination of both oral
and print teaching
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