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praxis 5442 Exam- physical science |Questions Solved 100% Correct
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praxis 5442 Exam- physical science|Questions Solved 100% Correct
diatomic elements - ANSWER elements that exist as two atoms bonded
(connected) together
Br₂, I₂, N₂, Cl₂, H₂, O₂, F₂ (BrINClHOF)
molecule - ANSWER smallest unit of an element or compound
compounds - ANSWER 2 or more elements chemically combined, often have
properties that are very different from those of their constituent elements
atom - ANSWER Smallest unit of an element
element - ANSWER the most basic type of matter, it has unique properties and can't
be broken down
physical properties - ANSWER the characteristics of a substance that can be
observed or measured without changing the substance-color, boiling point, freezing
point, solubility, odor, hardness, electrical conductivity, ductility, & malleability
chemical properties - ANSWER Characteristic that cannot be observed without altering
the substance-flammability, corrosivity, oxidation states & reactivity with other chemicals
,intensive properties - ANSWER do not depend on the amount of matter present-color,
hardness, melting point, boiling point, density, ductility, malleability, specific heat,
temperature, concentration, & magnetization
extensive properties - ANSWER depend on the amount of matter that is present-
volume, mass, weight, energy, entropy, number of moles, & electrical charge
Law of Conservation of Energy - ANSWER the law that states that energy cannot be
created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another
Law of Conservation of Matter - ANSWER the total mass of the products must equal
the total mass of the reactants
radioisotopes - ANSWER atoms that have an unstable nucleus; radionucleotides
radioactive decay - ANSWER A spontaneous process in which unstable nuclei lose
energy by emitting radiation
stable isotopes - ANSWER Do not change or decay over time
gamma rays - ANSWER high-energy electromagnetic waves emitted from a nucleus
as it changes from an excited state to a ground energy state-consists of photons
ionizing radiation - ANSWER What causes an electron to detach from an atom?
Deposition - ANSWER gas to solid
states of matter - ANSWER solid, liquid, gas, plasma
thermal energy - ANSWER The total kinetic energy of motion in the particles of a
substance
, Niels Bohr - ANSWER 1913- discovered that electrons move around the nucleus
in orbits called electron shells.-Bohr or Orbit Model
Broglie and Schrodinger - ANSWER atomic structure mode-electron cloud or quantum
mechanical model
JJ Thompson - ANSWER discovered the electron
quantum leaps - ANSWER jumps of electrons from one orbit or energy state to another
principal quantum number - ANSWER symbolized by n, indicates the main energy level
occupied by the electron
subshell - ANSWER describe the shape of the place where the electron can be
found and describes the electron's sublevel
magnetic quantum number - ANSWER symbolized by m, indicates the orientation of
an orbital around the nucleus
atomic number - ANSWER the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, the
number identifies the type of atom, each element is identified by a specific number
mass number - ANSWER the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an
atomic nucleus
ionic bonds - ANSWER Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from
one atom to another
metallic bonding - ANSWER the chemical bonding that results from the attraction
between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
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