Enzymes – Biochemistry Questions and Answers with Verified Solutions
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Enzymes – Biochemistry
Institution
Enzymes – Biochemistry
Enzymes – Biochemistry Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions
What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?
Enzymes act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed in the
process.
How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?
Enzymes...
Enzymes – Biochemistry Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions
What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?
✔✔ Enzymes act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed in the
process.
How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?
✔✔ Enzymes have optimal temperature and pH ranges where they function best; deviations can
lead to reduced activity or denaturation.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
✔✔ The active site is the specific region where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
How do competitive inhibitors affect enzyme function?
✔✔ Competitive inhibitors compete with substrates for binding to the active site, decreasing the
rate of reaction.
What role does substrate concentration play in enzyme kinetics?
1
,✔✔ Increasing substrate concentration typically increases the rate of reaction until the enzyme is
saturated.
What is an enzyme's turnover number?
✔✔ The turnover number is the maximum number of substrate molecules an enzyme can convert
to product per unit time.
How do allosteric enzymes differ from non-allosteric enzymes?
✔✔ Allosteric enzymes can be activated or inhibited by molecules binding to sites other than the
active site, affecting their activity.
What is the significance of cofactors in enzymatic reactions?
✔✔ Cofactors, which can be metal ions or organic molecules, assist enzymes in catalyzing
reactions.
How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?
✔✔ Enzymes stabilize the transition state, making it easier for reactants to convert into products.
What is the difference between a holoenzyme and an apoenzyme?
2
, ✔✔ A holoenzyme is an active enzyme with its cofactor(s), while an apoenzyme is the inactive
form without its cofactor.
How does enzyme specificity impact biochemical pathways?
✔✔ Enzyme specificity ensures that only particular substrates are transformed into products,
maintaining the integrity of metabolic pathways.
What happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a reaction?
✔✔ The enzyme is released unchanged and can catalyze additional reactions with other substrate
molecules.
How does feedback inhibition regulate metabolic pathways?
✔✔ Feedback inhibition occurs when the end product of a pathway inhibits an earlier step,
preventing overproduction of the product.
What is enzyme denaturation, and what causes it?
✔✔ Denaturation is the loss of an enzyme's structure and function due to extreme pH,
temperature, or other denaturing agents.
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