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AHN 576 MSK Exam Study Guide

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AHN 576 MSK Exam Study Guide Abduction - Ans:-Movement away from the midline of the body Adduction - Ans:-Movement toward the midline of the body Carpal - Ans:-Pertaining to the bones in the wrist and hand Phalanges - Ans:-bones of the fingers, toes Tarsal - Ans:-bones of the feet or ankle Op...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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AHN 576 MSK Exam Study Guide


Abduction - Ans:✔✔-Movement away from the midline of the body


Adduction - Ans:✔✔-Movement toward the midline of the body


Carpal - Ans:✔✔-Pertaining to the bones in the wrist and hand


Phalanges - Ans:✔✔-bones of the fingers, toes


Tarsal - Ans:✔✔-bones of the feet or ankle


Open Fracture (compound) - Ans:✔✔-Open wound or break in the skin near the site of the broken bone


Gustilo classification of open fractures - Ans:✔✔-I - Low energy, wound less than 1 centimeter


II - Wound greater than 1 centimeter with moderate soft tissue damage, flaps or aculsions


III - High energy wound greater than 1 centimeter with extensive soft tissue damage


IIIA - Adequate soft tissue cover


IIIB - Inadequate soft tissue cover with exposed bone


IIIC - Associated with (Cardio) vascular injury that requires repair for limb preservation
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Closed fracture - Ans:✔✔-Broken bone with no puncture or open wound in the skin


nondisplaced fracture - Ans:✔✔-bone ends retain their normal position


displaced fracture - Ans:✔✔-bone ends are out of normal alignment


Transverse fracture - Ans:✔✔-complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the

long axis of the bone


Oblique Fracture - Ans:✔✔-bone break in which fracture line runs along an angle to shaft of the bone


Longitudinal fracture - Ans:✔✔-a fracture that runs along the axis of the bone


Butterfly fracture - Ans:✔✔-When two oblique fractures meet and cause a wide, large wedge between

the two proximal and distal fracture pieces.


Spiral fracture - Ans:✔✔-Fracture that occurs while in motion which causes torsion and the fractures is

around the bone.




a fracture where at least one part of the bone has been twisted.


Comminuted fracture - Ans:✔✔-bone breaks into two or more fragments




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Segmental fracture - Ans:✔✔-Composed of at least two fracture lines that come together to isolate a

section of bone. Usually diaxis fractures


Impacted fracture - Ans:✔✔-One of the bone fragments is driven into the other fracture


Stellate Fracture - Ans:✔✔-Where the lines of break radiate from a point of injury


Avulsion fracture - Ans:✔✔-Injury to the bone where a tendon or ligament attaches to the bone and

causes a piece of bone to be pulled off by the injured tendon or ligament


Compression fracture - Ans:✔✔-generally, occurs in the spongy bone in the spine. For example, the front

portion of a vertebra in the spine may collapse due to osteoporosis


Pathological fracture - Ans:✔✔-when an underlying disease or condition has already weakened the

bone, resulting in a fracture


Stress fracture - Ans:✔✔-more common among athletes and in lower extremities.




A bone breaks because of repeated stresses and strains (like running). Can also occur in the elderly


Greenstick fracture - Ans:✔✔-Incomplete fracture. Bone partly fractures on one side but does not break

completely because the rest of the bone can bend. Usually seen in children




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Torus (buckle) fracture - Ans:✔✔-bone deforms but does not crack. More common in children. It is

painful but stable


Dislocation - Ans:✔✔-Disruption in the normal relationship of the articular surfaces of a bone making up

a joint


Mal-union - Ans:✔✔-a fracture that heals with abnormal alignment


Non-union - Ans:✔✔-fracture that is not healing


subluxation - Ans:✔✔-the partial displacement of a bone from its joint


2 point discrimination - Ans:✔✔-ability to distinguish the separation of 2 simultaneous pinpricks on the

skin


AP and lateral - Ans:✔✔-Always 2 views of injury


Oblique view - Ans:✔✔-For complex fractures of the femur, humerus, or ankle


Mortis view - Ans:✔✔-AP film with the foot internally rotated at around 10%




Looks at the talus with ankle fxs


Inlet and outlet views - Ans:✔✔-For pelvic fractures


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