From theory to intervention (FTTI) summary exam PATHS model
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Course
From Theory To Intervention
Institution
Universiteit Utrecht (UU)
Summary for the theory to intervention exam. Used this one myself and includes everything you need to know (8,5 was my grade). Is all about the PATHS model.
From Theory to intervention
Lecture 1 introduction
Knowledge and theory
Many societal, health and wellbeing and organizational issues are
dependent on or influenced by human behavior.
Behavior change techniques can have a big impact on these issues -> and
you are the expert!
Complexity of behavior
Health behavior determinants:
- Knowledge:
o About health
o About what healthy behavior entails
o About consequences of behavior.
- Skills:
o Self-regulation
o Obtaining knowledge
o Impact on behavior
o Impact on environment
- Health behavior determinants:
o Motivation:
Intrinsic motivation
Incentives
o Environment:
Cues for behavior
Social support
Complexity
Some core theory concepts
Intention:
- Intention-behavior gap: people want something, does not mean that
they are going to do that.
- Self-regulation:
Automatic behavior:
- Habits:
- Impulse:
- Nudging: intervention technique that tries to fit in on the automatic
side of behavior without being aware of the choice.
Norms:
- Injunctive:
- Descriptive:
Interventions
Interventions don’t always target the actual determinants.
- Providing information/education/knowledge.
- Telling people what to do.
- Trying to scare people into behaving a certain way -> fear appeal.
, Effective behavior change
Assumption: attitude -> intention ->
behavior.
Intentions cause behavior? -> theory
planned behavior.
- Attitude + subjective norms +
perceived behavior control ->
intention -> behavior.
Meta-analysis on intention-behavior
association -> Successful interventions
lead to medium to large effects on
intention, and small to medium effects on behavior.
A lot of behavior happens without intention.
Moderators:
- Control.
- Habits.
- Impulses.
- Social context.
If it’s not intention…
Environmental cues trigger:
- Habits.
- Impulses.
- Goals (sometimes conflicting)
- (Social) norms
Based on previously learned associations.
Injunctive norms: (Perceived) expectancy of what others think of your
behavior; what you ‘ought’ to do?
Descriptive norms: what do others do?
Descriptive norms are strong predictors of behavior.
Most of the time this goes automatically, without consciousness.
(Anti-) social norms
Broken window theory:
- Does a visible ‘breaking’ of a rule/norm result in other norms
shifting?
o Result: 33% (no visible breaking of rules) vs. 69% (visible
breaking of rules) drop their flyer on the ground.
Intervention implications
- What are determinants of the behavior?
- Under which conditions does the behavior take place?
- What process guides this behavior?
- Focus on attitudes and intentions?
- Focus on norms, context cues, associations, habits?
Theory-driven interventions
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