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FSE 118 Final Exam- Questions from Midterm and Quizes with Complete Solutions What is the primary function of the respiratory system? The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. What are ...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • fse 118 final exam questions from midterm and qui

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FSE 118 Final Exam- Questions from
Midterm and Quizes with Complete
Solutions
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?


✔✔The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and

carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.




What are the main structures involved in the respiratory system?


✔✔The main structures include the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles,

and alveoli.




How does air travel through the respiratory system during inhalation?


✔✔During inhalation, air enters through the nose or mouth, passes through the pharynx and

larynx, travels down the trachea, and enters the bronchi and alveoli.




What role do alveoli play in respiration?


✔✔Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs; they allow oxygen to

diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to diffuse out.




1

,What is the process of gas exchange in the lungs called?


✔✔The process of gas exchange in the lungs is called respiration, which involves the diffusion

of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar and capillary membranes.




How does the diaphragm contribute to the breathing process?


✔✔The diaphragm contracts and flattens during inhalation, creating negative pressure in the

thoracic cavity, which draws air into the lungs.




What is the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?


✔✔Surfactant is a substance produced in the alveoli that reduces surface tension, preventing

alveoli from collapsing and aiding in efficient gas exchange.




What are the differences between tidal volume and vital capacity?


✔✔Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, while vital

capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.




How does the body regulate breathing rate?


✔✔The body regulates breathing rate through the respiratory center in the brainstem, which

responds to changes in carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the blood.

2

, What is the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport?


✔✔Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it

to tissues throughout the body.




How does exercise affect the respiratory system?


✔✔During exercise, the respiratory system increases the rate and depth of breathing to meet the

heightened demand for oxygen and to expel more carbon dioxide.




What is the significance of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?


✔✔The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the larynx during swallowing, preventing food

and liquids from entering the airways and directing them to the esophagus.




How can smoking affect respiratory health?


✔✔Smoking can damage lung tissue, reduce lung function, lead to chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease (COPD), and increase the risk of lung cancer and respiratory infections.




What are the common symptoms of respiratory diseases?




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