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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 17 | GRADED A+ | PASSED | NEW FULL EXAM ACTUAL $17.99   Add to cart

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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 17 | GRADED A+ | PASSED | NEW FULL EXAM ACTUAL

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  • NUR 339 E
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  • NUR 339 E

NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 17 | GRADED A+ | PASSED | NEW FULL EXAM ACTUAL

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 339 E
  • NUR 339 E
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NUR 339 Exam 17
1. What is neoplasia?
Answer
new growth of cells disorder of altered cell differentiation and GROWTH

2. What is a neoplasm?
Answer
tumor

3. What is cell proliferation?
Answer
process that provides body with means for replacing cells as needed

usually has a balance between # cells dying and # cells proliferating

4. what is cell differentiation?

Answer
process by which proliferating cells are transformed into specialized cell types, which determines
their function

5. What kind of cells remain incompletely differentiated throughout life?
Answer
stem cells

6. What is anaplasia?

Answer
lack of cell differentiation

7. G1 (Gap 1)
Answer
1st stage of cell cycle cell prepares to make DNA

8. S phase

,Answer
DNA synthesis

**most mutations occur during this phase**

9. G2 phase
Answer
cell prepares for mitosis (cell division)

10. M phase
Answer
mitosis

11. G0 phase
Answer
resting phase (becomes mitotically dormant)

12. what are entry into and progression thru cell cycle phases controlled by?
Answer
proteins called cyclins and their inhibitors

13. 2 tissue types of neoplasms
Answer
parenchymal (organ cells) stromal (supporting tissue-connective, vascular)

14. benign neoplasms
Answer
well-differentiated cells slow growth rate

localized
less blood supply

15. naming benign tumors

,tissue name + "-oma" ex. osteoma = benign bone tumor

16. malignant neoplasms
Answer
cancer atypical cell structure

lose differentiation or resemblance to origin cell irregular growth; no capsule
invade adjacent cells more blood supply

17. what is the hallmark sign of malignancy?
Answer
ability to metastasize or spread to distant sites

18. naming epithelial tissue tumors
Answer
tissue name + "carcinoma"

19. naming mesenchymal tissue tumors
Answer
tissue name + "sarcoma"

20. How do most cancers metastasize?
Answer
in the blood or the lymph




21. What do cancer cells need in order to survive in the body?
Answer
nutrition/O2/en- ergy

evade the immune system more resilient to normal cells

22. What abilities does the tumor need to metastasize?

, produce enzymes that can lyse through their current organ cavity

enzymes to get into the blood/lymph system withstand pressure and new environment avoid the
immune system/WBCs

23. where do surviving cancer cells go when they leave the lymph nodes?
Answer
-

enter venous blood and are carried to major organs

Answer
bone, lungs, and brain

24. what is another name for an original tumor?
Answer
primary neoplasm

25. What is another name for the metastatic site?
Answer
secondary neoplasm

26. What is the growth fraction (GF) of a tumor?
Answer
ratio of dividing cells/ G0 cells (resting)

27. What types of cancers have a high growth fraction?
Answer
aggressive cancers

28. what kind of tissues are chemotherapeutic drugs much more toxic to?
Answer
tis- sues that have a high growth fraction (aggressive cancers)

29. What is the doubling time (TD) of a tumor?


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