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NSG 530 / NSG530 EXAM 3. QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS. $10.49
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NSG 530 / NSG530 EXAM 3. QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

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Syphilis an STD that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a small bacterium called a spirochete Chlamydia A sexually transmitted disease, the most common in developed countries, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Often producing no symptoms, it can cause infertili...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NSG 530 EXAM 3
Role of digestive system
produce energy from food ingested, transfer energy-rich nutrients, water, and
electrolytes into the body's internal environment


gastrointestinal tract components
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus


functions of the gastrointestinal system
movement, secretion, digestion, and absorption


alimentary canal
GI tract-digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
single hallow tube


Layers of the gastrointestinal tract
mucosa(outermost), submucosa, muscularis, serosa/adventitia (innermost)


enteric (intramural) plexus
controls mobility, secretion, sensation and blood flow


functions of saliva
lubrication, antibacterial action, pH regulation, thermoregulation, enzymatic
digestion

,phases of swallowing
oropharyngeal and esophageal


oropharyngeal swallowing
voluntary (striated) food formed into bolus and forced towards pharynx


esophageal swallowing
involuntary (smooth muscle) food bolus enters esophagus, peristalsis occurs to
move food down to lower esophageal sphincter


how many permanent teeth are there in adults
32


three pairs of salivary glands
parotid glands, sublingual glands, submandibular glands


Saliva has a pH of
about 7.4, used to neutralize bacterial acids and prevents tooth decay


mucin
sticky mucus that lines digestive and respiratory tract traps microorganisms-
provides lubrication


upper esophageal sphincter

,Keeps air from entering the esophagus during respiration


lower esophageal sphincter
Prevents regurgitation from the stomach and caustic injury to the esophagus


Functions of the stomach
stores food
secretes digestive juices
mixes food with the juices
propels partially digested food (chyme) into duodenum


Chyme
Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the
stomach.


functional areas of the stomach
the fundus (upper portion), body (middle portion), and antrum (lower portion).


cardiac orifice
opening between esophagus and stomach


pyloric sphincter
ring of muscle that guards the opening between the stomach and the duodenum


pylorus
distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

, The stomach has three layers of muscle
- longitudinal, circular, and oblique (most prominent)


rugae
the folds in the mucosa lining the stomach


the stomach is impermeable to what?
water, but can absorb alcohol and aspirin as they are lipid soluble.


blood to stomach is supplied by _____?
celiac artery- abundant!


Three phases of gastric secretion
1. cephalic phase
2. gastric phase
3. intestinal phase


Motilin
increases peristalsis


Secretin
decreases peristalsis


Gastric mixing and emptying

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