A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir - ANSWERSB) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle. Which c...
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium,
and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir - ANSWERSB) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle. Which
condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma - ANSWERSA) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. - ANSWERSB) Symptoms include
painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria in the
urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract that is
likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria - ANSWERSB) Pyelonephritis
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella - ANSWERSC) Group A Streptococcus
,A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema and
vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis - ANSWERSNephrotic syndrome
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of
the penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction - ANSWERSEpispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and receding
chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis - ANSWERSPotter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement
regarding this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. - ANSWERSThe exact mechanism of immune
complexes is unknown.
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and abdominal
pain. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy - ANSWERSHenoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli - ANSWERSFusion of the glomerular foot processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal pain. The
most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
B) Kidney stones and Wilms' tumor
C) Kidney stones and warts
D) Urethral valves and warts - ANSWERSUrethral valves and polyps
Which conditions are complications of a horseshoe kidney? (select all that apply)
A) Hydronephrosis
B) Hypospadias
C) Infection
D) Stone formation
E) Enuresis - ANSWERSHydronephrosis
Infection
Stone formation
The development of which characteristic is the first sign of puberty in females?
A) Menarche
B) Pubic hair
C) Thelarche
D) Dysmenorrhea - ANSWERSThelarche
Which term describes painful menstruation associated with the release of
prostaglandins in ovulatory cycles?
A) Primary dysmenorrhea
B) Primary amenorrhea
C) Secondary dysmenorrhea
D) Secondary amenorrhea - ANSWERSPrimary dysmenorrhea
Which condition must be ruled out when identifying the cause of secondary
amenorrhea?
A) Abnormal thyroid function
B) Irregular prolactin production
C) Pituitary gland dysfunction
D) Unknown pregnancy - ANSWERSUnknown pregnancy
A 24-year-old female presents with severe abdominal pain and fever that is believed to
be a result of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) stemming from a Chlamydia
trachomatis infection. Which question will most likely identify the cause of her
symptoms?
A) "Is your abdominal pain affected by walking?"
B) "Have you been experiencing nausea and vomiting as well?"
C) "Is constipation a problem for you?"
, D) "Would you describe your pain as being stabbing?" - ANSWERSIs your abdominal
pain affected by walking?
A patient presents with an inflammation of one of the ducts that lead from the introitus.
What is the appropriate term for this condition?
A) Vaginitis
B) Cervicitis
C) Bartholinitis
D) Vulvovestibulitis - ANSWERSBartholinitis
A patient has been diagnosed with a moderately large cystocele. What information
would the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
A) Isometric exercises will help strengthen the pubococcygeal muscles.
B) The symptoms will increase during menstruation.
C) The condition causes urinary stress incontinence.
D) This condition contributes to chronic constipation. - ANSWERSIsometric exercises
will help strengthen the pubococcygeal muscles.
Which female is at greatest risk for developing a benign ovarian cyst?
A) A 26-year-old with regular menstrual cycle
B) A 48-year-old diagnosed as premenopausal
C) A 13-year-old experiencing delayed puberty
D) A 70-year-old diagnosed with a cystocele - ANSWERSA 48-year-old diagnosed as
premenopausal
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized with the presence of:
A) amenorrhea.
B) hypotension.
C) low cholesterol level.
D) hypoandrogenism. - ANSWERSamenorrhea
Which statement is TRUE regarding breast cancer?
A) The older the age at a woman's first childbirth, the lower the risk.
B) It is the second most common cause of cancer in women.
C) The incidence has been declining since 1955.
D) Hispanic women have the highest mortality rate. - ANSWERSHispanic women have
the highest mortality rate
Which is the most important difference between proliferative and nonproliferative breast
tissue changes?
A) Genetic aberrations are more common in nonproliferative lesions.
B) Cancer prognosis is better for nonproliferative breast tissue changes.
C) Nonproliferative breast lesions do not increase the risk of breast cancer.
D) Cancer resulting from nonproliferative breast lesions has a higher cure rate. -
ANSWERSNonproliferative breast lesions do not increase the risk of breast cancer
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