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AQA A-Level Biology Paper 1 process and model Questions And Answers.
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10/23/24, 10:01 AMAQA A-Level Biology Paper 1 process and model
questions And Answers
Terms in this set (44)
1. metabolite in condensation/hydrolysis reactions
2. a solvent so metabolic reactions can occur
3. high heat capacity to buffer temperature changes
properties of water 4. large latent heat of vaporisation which provides a cooling effect
5. cohesion between molecules which supports columns of water
6. cohesion between molecules provides surface tension which supports small
organisms
1. heat sample with benedict's solution
test for reducing sugars
2. and orange/red ppt forms if it's a reducing sugar
1. do benedict's test and it should stay blue/negative
2. boil with acid then neutralise with alkali
test for non-reducing sugars
3. heat with benedict's solution and will become an orange/red ppt if a non-
reducing sugar
1. add ethanol then add water and shake
test for lipids (emulsion test)
2. a white, milky emulsion forms if the result is positive
1. add iodine in potassium iodide
test for starch
2. goes blue-black if result is positive
1. insoluble (in water) so doesn't affect osmosis
2. branched/coiled/helical so makes molecule compact
features of starch that make it a good
3. polymer of (alpha) glucose so provides glucose for respiration
storage molecule
4. branched for quicker enzyme action so glucose is readily released
5. large (molecule) so it cannot cross the cell surface membrane
1. long/straight/unbranched chains of (beta) glucose
features of cellulose that make it good for
2. forms a strong network of hydrogen molecules which forms microfibrils...
plant cell walls
3. to provide rigidity/strength/support
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1. both contain ester bonds
2. both contain glycerol
3. fatty acids on both may be saturated or unsaturated
compare and contrast the structure and 4. both are insoluble in water
properties of trigylerides and 5. both contain C, H and O, but phospholipids also contain P
phospholipds (5) 6. triglycerides have 3 fatty acids while phospholipids have 2 fatty acids plus a
phosphate group
7. triglycerides are non-polar/hydrophobic whilst phospholipids have both a
hydrophilic and hydrophobic region
1. add biuret's reagent
test for proteins
2. becomes purple/lilac if result is positive
explain how a competitive inhibitor 1. inhibitor has a similar shape to the substrate
decreases rate of reaction (enzyme 2. and so fits/binds to active site
controlled) (3) 3. which prevents enzyme-substrate complexes from forming
1. inhibitor attaches to enzyme and allosteric site
2. this changes the shape of the active site
explain how a non-competitive inhibitor
OR
decreases rate of reaction (enzyme
changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme
controlled) (3)
3. so active site and substrate are no longer complementary so less/no enzyme-
substrate complexes form
1. polymer of nucleotides
2. each nucleotide is formed from deoxyribose, a phosphate group and a
describe the structure of DNA (3)
nitrogenous/organic base
3. phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides
1. DNA helicase unwinds DNA double helix OR DNA helicase breaks hydrogen
bonds
2. both strands act as templates
describe the process of semi-conservative 3. (Free DNA) nucleotides line up in complementary pairs
replication of DNA (5) 4. DNA polymerase joins nucleotides (of new strand)
5. Forming phosphodiester bonds
6. Each new DNA molecule consists of one original/template strands and one new
strand
1. releases energy is small, manageable amounts
why is ATP useful in many biological 2. broken down in a one step reaction so energy is available rapidly
processes (4) 3. phosphorylates so makes (phosphorylated substances) more reactive
4. reformed in a rapid one step reaction
1. DNA in nucleus is code for protein
2. ribosomes on rough endoplasmic reticulum produce protein
role of organelles in the production,
3. mitochondria produces ATP for protein synthesis
transport, and release of proteins from
4. golgi apparatus packages/modifies
eukaryotic cells (4)
5. vesicles transport
6. (vesicles) fuse with the cell surface membrane
1. pipette a drop of water onto the slide then use tweezers to pace a thin section of
the specimen on top
preparing a slide (3)
2. add a drop of stain to highlight objects within the specimen
3. add a cover slip using a mounted needle
1. measure structure using an eyepiece graticule
measuring the actual size of an object
2. calibrate eyepiece graticule against stage micrometer
when using an optical microscope (3)
3. take a number of measurements to calculate a mean
AQA A-Level Biology Paper 1 process and model questions
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