Nursing 202 Exam 1 Questions with
Latest Update
ANA definition of nursing - Answer-The protection, promotion, and optimization of health
& abilities; prevention of illness & injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis &
treatment of human response; advocacy in the care of individuals, families,
communities, & populations
ICN definition of nursing - Answer-Autonomous & collaborative care of individuals of all
ages, families, groups, & communities, sick or well and in all settings; includes the
promotion of health & prevention of illness & the care of ill, disabled, & dying people;
advocacy, promotion of a safe envy, research, participation in shaping health policy & in
patient health systems management, & education
Florence Nightingale - Answer-1. Featured in the Crimean War (1853-1856)
2. Focused on health maintenance & restoration by environmental manipulation;
connected poor sanitation to cholera & dysentery
3. Reduced mortality rate from 42.7% to 2.2% in 6 months
4. 1st organized program for training nurses (London)
5. Opened 1st school of nursing (Britain)
6. 1st practicing nurse epidemiologist & was an environmental theorist
Clara Barton - Answer-1. Featured in Civil War (battle lasting 1860-1865)
2. Founded the American Red Cross
-ratified in 1882, created in 1900
Mary Ann Ball (Mother Bickerdyke) - Answer-Organized ambulance services in Union
Army
Dorothea Dix - Answer-1. Superintendent of female nurses in Union Army
2. Organized hospitals, appointed nurses, oversaw & regulated supplies for troops
Mary Mahoney - Answer-1. 1st professionally trained af. American nurse
2. Concerned with relationships between cultures / races; brought awareness to cultural
diversity &respect for individual
Isabel Hampton Robb - Answer-1. Founded Nurses' Associated Alumnae of U.S. &
Canada (1896), this became the ANA (1911)
2. Author
3. One of the original founders of the American Journal of Nursing (AJN)
Lillian Waldo & Mary Brewster - Answer-1. Focused on health of poor people /
community health
2. Founded the Henry Street Settlement in NYC (community health clinic)
, Mary Adelaide Nutting - Answer-1. 1st professor of nursing at Columbia University
Teachers College (1906)
2. Affiliation of nursing education with universities
Characteristics of a Profession - Answer-1. Liberal education & extended education
2. Has a theoretical body of knowledge (defined skills, abilities, & norms)
3. Provides a specific service
4. Members have autonomy in decision making
5. Has a Code of Ethics for practice
Scope of Practice - Answer-The legal boundaries of health care providers as defined in
state statutes
Standards of Practice - Answer-1. Authoritative statements developed by a profession
by which the quality of practice, service, & education can be judged
2. Competent level of care
3. Involves the Nursing Process: (Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcome Identification,
Planning, Implementation, (Coordination of care), (Health Teaching & Health
Promotion), (Consultation), (Perscriptive Authority & Treatment), & Evaluation)
Standards of Professional Performance - Answer-1. Competent level of behavior in the
professional role
2. Ethics, Education, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality of Practice, Communication,
Leadership, Collaboration, Professional Practice Evaluation, Resources, &
Environmental Health
Code of Ethics - Answer-Philosophical ideals of right & wrong
Nurse Practice Acts - Answer-1. Regulate the scope of nursing practice; protect public
health, safety & welfare; shields public from unqualified/unsafe nurses
2. Vary by state, mostly same
3. State Boards of Nursing oversees this
NCLEX-RN - Answer-1. Administered by State Boards of Nursing
2. Exactly same in every state
3. Provides a standard minimum knowledge base for nurses
Certification - Answer-1. Can get in a certain area of practice
2. Has minimum practice requirements
3. Maintained by ongoing continuing education & clinical or administrative practice
Autonomy - Answer-1. Initiation of independent nursing interventions without a medical
order
2. Ex: implement coughing / deep breathing techniques to prevent pneumonia
Ex: choose how to transfer a patient depending on mobility
