N3632 - Exam 2 (Clinical Foundations -
Washington)
Nursing actions that promote normal urination includes (4) - correct answer
✔1. maintaining normal voiding habits
2. promoting fluid intake
3. strengthening muscle tone
4. assisting with toilet
What gauge needle should be used for the following;
1. intradermal
2. subcutaneous
3. intramuscular - correct answer ✔1. 25-27 g
2. 25-30 g
3. 20-25 g
Define anuria vs oliguria vs polyuria - correct answer ✔anuria - output less
than 50mL in 24hr
oliguria - output less than 400mL in 24hr
polyuria - excessive urine output (diuresis)
,How would foods with high sodium content affect urine? High water content? -
correct answer ✔sodium - cause sodium & water reabsorption thereby urine
retention (think bloating with salts)
water - may increase urine production
What are the needle lengths for the following IM injection sites?
1. vastus lateralis
2. deltoid (child)
3. deltoid (adult)
4. ventrogluteal (adult) - correct answer ✔1. 5/8" to 1"
2. 5/8" to 1"
3. 5/8 to 1.5"
4. 1" to 1.5"
How does immobility (or even less active lifestyle) affect urine? - correct
answer ✔less bladder muscle tone results in poor urinary control (leaking)
and urinary stasis (infection)
How do the following medications affect urine color?
anticoagulants
diuretics
Levodopa
phenazopyridine
amitriptyline
injectable iron
B-complex vitamins - correct answer ✔anticoagulants - pink/red (blood in
urine)
diuretics - pale yellow
True or False
Normal fresh urine has an amonia odor - correct answer ✔False
ammonia odor develops as result of bacterial action
normal fresh urine has aromatic odor
What is the normal pH of urine?
What would cause lower pH? (1)
Higher pH? (3) - correct answer ✔Norm: 6.0 (range 4.6-8.0)
Low: high protein diet (meats)
High: fruits, dairy products, legumes
What are abnormal constituents found in urine? (8) - correct answer ✔(B
Better Get Copious Amounts of Pyridium, K B)
Blood
Bile
Glucose
Casts
Albumin
Pus
Ketone bodies
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