100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
NR546 Psychopharmacology Week 5 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version $13.49
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. NR 546
  4.  
  5. NR 546

Exam (elaborations)

NR546 Psychopharmacology Week 5 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • NR 546
  • Institution
  • NR 546

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) common symptoms depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities, irritability, withdrawal, and problems with sleep eating, energy, concentration, or self worth. Clients with severe depression may experience thoughts of suicide or psychotic symp...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 37  pages

Document information

  • October 24, 2024
  • 37
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • nr546 psychopharmacology week 5 questions and corr

Written for

  • NR 546
  • NR 546

Seller

avatar-seller
SmartExam

Reviews received

Content preview

TestTrackers: Unlock Your Exam Potential! | Quality Practice Materials | Boost Your Confidence Today!



NR546 Psychopharmacology Week 5
Questions and Correct Answers the
Latest Update and Recommended
Version
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) common symptoms

✓ depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities, irritability, withdrawal, and
problems with sleep eating, energy, concentration, or self worth. Clients with severe
depression may experience thoughts of suicide or psychotic symptoms.


Bipolar Disorder

✓ chronic condition characterized by extreme fluctuations in mood, energy, and ability to
function. May experience recurrent episodes and remissions. Moods may be manic,
hypomanic, or depressed. May be a mixed mood or psychotic features. Most bipolar
depression clients experience depression symptoms and may have only one manic episode
in their lifetime. Diagnosed when a client has one or more episodes of mania or
hypomania with a history of one or more major depressive episodes. Associated with
significant morbidity and mortality. High risk for suicide. Correct and early diagnosis is
essential to prevent complications and maximize treatment response.


Bipolar I

✓ Requires at least one episode of mania for at least one week (or any duration if
hospitalized due to symptoms is required).


Mania

✓ characterized by a persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood. Related symptoms
may include inflated self esteem, increased goal directed activity or energy, including
grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, excessive talkativeness, racing thoughts, flight of
ideas, distractibility, psychomotor agitation, and a propensity to be involved in high risk
activities. Leads to significant functional impairment and may include psychotic features or
necessitate hospitalization.


Bipolar II

|
✓ Thank You for Choosing Us! ✓ Resources & Updates: [Testtrackers - Stuvia US]
✓ © 2024 TestTrackers ✓ Your Success is Our Mission!
✓ Customer Support: [+254707240657]

, TestTrackers: Unlock Your Exam Potential! | Quality Practice Materials | Boost Your Confidence Today!


✓ Diagnosis requires a current or past hypomanic episode and a current or past major
depressive episode. Symptoms last for at least 4 days but fewer than 7. Hypomanic
symptoms are not sufficient duration or severity to cause significant functional impairment,
psychosis, or hospitalization. Anger ad irritability are common. Clients often enjoy the
elevation of mood and are reluctant to report these symptoms, making Bipolar more
difficult to diagnose if the client presents in the depression phase.


Cyclothymia

✓ involves the chronic presentation of hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet
the diagnostic criteria for a major depressive or main/hypomanic episode.


Mood Related Symptoms

✓ may be characterized as having too little positive affect, or too much negative affect.


Positive affect

✓ Dopamine (DA) Norepinephrine (NE) dysfunction


Negative Affect

✓ 5-Hydroxytrpytamine (5HT) Norepinephrine (NE) Dysfunction


Decreased positive Affect: DA, NE Dysfunction

✓ Depressed mood
✓ loss of joy
✓ lack of interest
✓ loss of energy
✓ decreased alertness
✓ decreased self confidence
✓ appetite changes




|
✓ Thank You for Choosing Us! ✓ Resources & Updates: [Testtrackers - Stuvia US]
✓ © 2024 TestTrackers ✓ Your Success is Our Mission!
✓ Customer Support: [+254707240657]

, TestTrackers: Unlock Your Exam Potential! | Quality Practice Materials | Boost Your Confidence Today!


Increased Negative Affect: 5HT, NE Dysfunction

✓ depressed mood
✓ guilt
✓ fear/anxiety
✓ hostility
✓ irritability
✓ loneliness
✓ appetite changes


Neurobiological Basis: Genetics

✓ MDD and BD are heritable disorders. Genetic factors contribute 31-42% of the disease
risk in MDD and 59-85% in BD. Causes of mood disorders are complex and likely
involve interaction between genetic/epigenetic, biological, psychological, and social
factors including:
✓ dysfunctions in brain
✓ imbalance of neurotransmitters
✓ life events
✓ abuse or trauma
✓ substance use or medication
✓ menstruation
✓ season changes


Neurobiological Basis: Neuroanatomy

✓ Inefficient information processing by one or more brain circuits may result in mood
disorder symptoms


Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks




|
✓ Thank You for Choosing Us! ✓ Resources & Updates: [Testtrackers - Stuvia US]
✓ © 2024 TestTrackers ✓ Your Success is Our Mission!
✓ Customer Support: [+254707240657]

, TestTrackers: Unlock Your Exam Potential! | Quality Practice Materials | Boost Your Confidence Today!


✓ Classic Monoamine hypothesis or depression posits that depression occurs as a result of a
deficiency of one or all three monoamine transmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and
dopamine), while mania may result from an excess. Stahl acknowledged that depression is
more complex than this but it is helpful in understanding the physiological functioning of
these NTs. Emphasis is now shifted to from the monoamine receptors and other
downstream events such as regulation of gene expression, growth factors, environmental
factors, and epigenetic changes.


Neurobiological Basis: Neural Signaling

✓ Three principial NTs (NE, DA, and 5HT) have implications for the pathophysiology and
treatment of mood disorders. These NTs are monoamines. Monoamines work in concert
and comprise the monoamine NT system. Many of the symptoms of odd disorders are
hypothesized to involve dysfunction of various combinations of monoamine NTs. All know
pharmacologic treatments for mood disorders act upon one or more of these three NTs.


What diagnostic symptoms in MDD present when prefrontal cortex is involved

✓ Concentration
✓ Mental Fatigue
✓ Mood


What diagnostic symptoms in MDD present when PFC and Amygdala are involved

✓ Guilt
✓ Suicidality
✓ Worthlessness


What diagnostic symptoms in MDD present when the striatum is involved

✓ Physical Fatigue


What diagnostic symptoms in MDD present when the nucleus accumbens is involved

✓ Pleasure interests



|
✓ Thank You for Choosing Us! ✓ Resources & Updates: [Testtrackers - Stuvia US]
✓ © 2024 TestTrackers ✓ Your Success is Our Mission!
✓ Customer Support: [+254707240657]

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller SmartExam. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

63950 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Package deal ·

(0)

Dante Bundled Exams All Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2024 | Certified Quality

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

National Real Estate Exam - Guide to Pearson Vue Book Questions with complete solutions 2024/RATED A+

Package deal ·

(0)

GPSTC Criminal Law Bundled Exams Questions and Answers Latest Versions (2024/2025) (Complete and Accurate)

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

TN Real Estate Exam Practice Questions Property Ownership (Affiliate Broker - 7 Items; Broker 6 Items)

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Prehospital Emergency Care 12th Edition By Joseph J. Mistovich, Keith J. Karren |All Chapters, Latest-2024|

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

TEST BANK FOR PHARMACOLOGY: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 10TH EDITION BY MCCUISTION

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

PCT NHA Exam Review Questions and answers, rated A+/ Examminable Questions and answers For 2024/25. Rated A+

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

HUBSPOT DIGITAL MARKETING CERTIFICATION EXAM | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (VERIFIED) | LATEST UPDATE | GRADED A+

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

VATI RN Maternal Newborn 2019/ VATI RN Maternal Newborn Assessment 100% Complete + Rationale |Verified
$13.49
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added