Managerial Statistics, International Edition (with Online Content Printed Access Card)
Betreft een formuleblad voor het vak Business Research Methods for Pre-MSc!
Staat de formule op weergegeven en de pagina in het boek om direct de nodige literatuur op te kunnen zoeken tijdens het tentamen!
Behaald cijfer: 9.4!
Business Research Methods for Pre-Msc Summary 2021-2022
All for this textbook (14)
Written for
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
Business Administration
Business Research Methods (EBS001A10)
All documents for this subject (3)
1
review
By: ameliazuidema • 2 year ago
Seller
Follow
LarsV95
Reviews received
Content preview
Meetniveau’s
Meetniveau Aspecten
Nominaal - Waarden zijn nummers die een
categorie representeren
- Alleen berekeningen op basis van
frequenties of percentages zijn
mogelijk
Ordinaal - Waarden moeten de gerangschikte
volgorde voorstellen
- Data kan behandeld worden als
nominaal, maar niet als interval
Interval - Waarden zijn echte getallen
- Data kan worden behandeld als
nominaal of ordinaal
Ratio - Waarden zijn echte getallen
- Alle berekeningen zijn mogelijk
- Data kan worden behandeld als
nominaal, ordinaal of interval
Statistical techniques for nominal data
Problem objective Number of categories Statistical technique
Describe a population 2 z-test of p (12.3)* or
𝜒2 goodness-of-fit test (15.1)
More than 2 𝜒2 goodness-of-fit test (15.1)
Compare two populations 2 z-test of p1 – p2 (13.5)*
𝜒2 test of a contingency table (15.2)
More than 2 𝜒2 test of a contingency table (15.2)
Compare two or more populations 2 or more 𝜒2 test of a contingency table (15.2)
Analyze the relationship between two variables 2 or more 𝜒2 test of a contingency table (15.2)
* suited for one-tailed testing
H15, p595
1
,Experiment
Independent samples Dependent samples
Different data sources Same data source:
- Unrelated - Paired or matched
- Independent - Repeated measures (before/after)
Use the difference between the 2 sample means: x́ 1−x́ 2 Use the difference between each pair of observations: d i=x 1 i−x 2 i
Independent samples t-test Paired samples t-test
Example: compare the mean income for two socioeconomic groups Example: compare the daily sales for two restaurants
Test procedures
Type of data
Objective Nominal Ordinal Interval/ratio
Determine central tendency Mode Median Mean
Test the population mean z-test for p t-test
Test the distribution of a variable Chi-squared goodness-of-fit
Compare two independent samples Chi-squared test of independence - Wilcoxon rank sum test T2 – test
- Mann-whitney test
Compare more than two Chi-squared test of independence Kruskal-Wallis test ANOVA
independent samples
Compare related samples - Sign test - TD -test
- Friedman test - Wilcoxon signed rank sum
test
Determine association between two Chi-squared test of independence Spearman rank correlation Pearson correlation coefficient
variables coefficient
Explaining a variable Regression analysis
2
, Hoofdstuk 3: graphical descriptive
Formule Betekenis Verwijzing (pagina)
largest observation−smallest observation The number of class intervals H3: p49
Class width=
number of classes
Hoofdstuk 4: Numerical descriptive techniques
Paragraaf 4.2: measures of variability
Omschrijving formule Formule Uitleg Verwijzing
Range Range=largest observation−smallest observation Difference between smallest and H4: p108
highest observation
Population variance :σ 2 N
H4: p108
∑ ¿¿ ¿
i=1
2 N
Sample variance : s H4: p108
∑ ¿¿ ¿
i=1
Sample variance shortcut :s 2
1 H4: p111
s2= ¿
n−1
Population standard deviation σ =√ σ 2 H4: p155
Sample standard deviation s= √ s2 H4: p155
Paragraaf 4.3: relative standing and box plots
Omschrijving formule Formule Uitleg Verwijzing
Kwartiel ( n+1 )∗P Plek waar de kwartielen zitten. H4: p118!!!
L p= P: 25%, 50% (median), 75%.
100
Interquartile range ¿ Q 3−Q 1 Spread between 50% of observations H4: p120
3
, Paragraaf 4.4: measures of lineear relationship:
Omschrijving formule Formule Uitleg Verwijzing
n
Population covariance Kan je alleen aan zien of positieve of H4: p127
∑ (x i−μ x )( y i−μ y ) negatieve linear relatie is. Sterkte is
σ xy = i=1 onbekend
N
Sample covariance shortcut n
x y Kan je alleen aan zien of positieve of H4: p134
s xy =
1
n−1 ( ∑ x i y i− ∑ in∑ i ) negatieve linear relatie is. Sterkte is
i=1
onbekend
Variance of X 2 H4: p134
n
(∑ xi )
2
s=
x
1
n−1 (∑i=1
2
x−
i
n )2
Variance of Y H4: p134
n
(∑ y i
2
s=
y
1
n−1 i=1(∑ y 2i −
n
)
)
Population coefficient of correlation σ Moet tussen -1 en +1 zijn H4: p128
ρ= xy Sterkte van lineaire relatie.
σx σ y
Sample coefficient of correlation s xy Moet tussen -1 en +1 zijn H4: p127
r= Sterkte van lineaire relationship.
sx s y
s x en s2y nog∈wortel doen!
2
Coefficient of determination R2=r 2 This tells us that ..% of the variation is H4: p139
s2 SSE explained by the number of … The
R2= 2 xy2 =1− remaining ..% is unexplained.
sx sy ∑ ¿¿¿
Least squares method ^y =b0 +b1 x H4: p135
Slopecoefficient s Heeft een betekenis H4: p135
b 1= xy2
sx
y−intercept b 0= ý−b1 x́ Heeft geen betekenis H4: p135
Gemiddelde Y
ý=
∑ yi H4: p135
n
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LarsV95. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.08. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
