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NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version

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  • Course
  • NUR 265
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  • NUR 265

What is nephrotic syndrome? A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted. What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? -*Massive proteinuria* -*Hypoalbuminemia* -*Edema (facial and periorbit...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 22
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 265
  • NUR 265
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NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions and Correct
Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
What is nephrotic syndrome?

✓ A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass
through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted.


What are key features of nephrotic syndrome?

✓ -*Massive proteinuria*
✓ -*Hypoalbuminemia*
✓ -*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
✓ -Lipiduria
✓ -Hyperlipidemia
✓ -Increased coagulation
✓ -Reduced kidney function


In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?

✓ 3.5g in 24 hours


What is nephrotic syndrome treated with?

✓ -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).
✓ -ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
✓ -statins (improve blood lipid levels).
✓ -Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)


Describe the "risk" stage for AKI




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✓ creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%


Describe the "injury" stage for AKI

✓ creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%


Describe the "failure" stage for AKI

✓ creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)


Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples.

✓ Decreased perfusion to kidneys.

✓ -NSAIDs
✓ -Severe dehydration
✓ -Renal artery stenosis
✓ -MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
✓ -Blood/ fluid loss


Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples.

✓ Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.

✓ -Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
✓ -Sepsis
✓ -Intrarenal bleeding
✓ -Pyelonephritis


Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples.




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✓ Obstruction that occurs after the kidney.

✓ -Enlarged prostate (BPH)
✓ -Bladder Cancer
✓ -Kidney stones


How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

✓ Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3


What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys?

✓ 65 mmHg


What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs?

✓ -NSAIDS
✓ -Metformin
✓ -Diuretics
✓ -Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
✓ -Contrast dye


During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored?

✓ Watch for dehydration and make sure output is greater than input


What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient?

✓ -Low protein
✓ -Low sodium
✓ -Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)




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