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Samenvatting Pedagogische adviezen voor speciale kinderen
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Samenvatting van de volgende hoofdstukken 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11. Dit is de stof voor het vak gedrag in de klas.
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Pedagogische adviezen voorspeciale kinderen
Een praktisch handboek voor professionele opvoeders, begeleiders en leerkrachten
Trix van Lieshout, Ron van Deth
ISBN: 9789036819947
Lieshout, T. van (2018). Pedagogische adviezen voor speciale kinderen. Een praktisch
handboek voor professionele opvoeders, begeleiders en leerkrachten. Houten: Bohn Stafleu
van Loghum.
Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 4 – Angst....................................................................................................................................... 5
4.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied en de diagnostische criteria...............................................................5
4.1.1 Kenmerken van verschillende typen angststoornissen..........................................................................5
4.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit..........................................................................................................................6
4.3 Oorzaken........................................................................................................................................................6
4.3.1 Aanleg.....................................................................................................................................................6
4.3.2 Leerervaringen........................................................................................................................................7
4.3.3 Ingrijpende gebeurtenissen....................................................................................................................7
4.3.4 Gehechtheidservaringen........................................................................................................................7
4.3.5 Andere stoornissen.................................................................................................................................7
4.3.6 Conclusie.................................................................................................................................................7
4.4 Begeleiding en behandeling...........................................................................................................................7
4.4.1 Psycho-educatie......................................................................................................................................8
4.4.2 Psychologische interventies...................................................................................................................8
4.4.3 Psychosociale methoden........................................................................................................................8
4.4.4 Zelfhulp...................................................................................................................................................8
4.4.5 Medicatie................................................................................................................................................9
4.4.6 Conclusie.................................................................................................................................................9
4.5 Prognose.........................................................................................................................................................9
4.6 Concrete verschijningsvormen van angst en de aanpak ervan in de groep...................................................9
4.7 Overzicht van de beste aanpak......................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 5 – Faalangst............................................................................................................................... 10
5.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied..........................................................................................................10
5.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit........................................................................................................................10
5.3 Oorzaken......................................................................................................................................................10
5.3.1 Kindfactoren.........................................................................................................................................10
5.3.2 Externe factoren...................................................................................................................................10
5.4 Begeleiding en behandeling.........................................................................................................................11
5.4.1 Pedagogisch klimaat.............................................................................................................................11
5.4.2 Aanbod leerstof....................................................................................................................................11
5.4.3 Procesgerichte feedback......................................................................................................................11
5.4.4 Leerkrachtgedrag..................................................................................................................................11
, 5.4.5 Faalangstreductie- en sociale-vaardigheidstraining.............................................................................12
5.4.6 Conclusie...............................................................................................................................................12
5.5. Prognose......................................................................................................................................................12
5.6 Concrete verschijningsvormen van faalangst en de aanpak ervan in de groep..........................................12
5.7 Overzicht van de beste aanpak....................................................................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 7 – Depressieve gevoelens.......................................................................................................... 14
7.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied en de diagnostische criteria.............................................................14
7.1.1 Depressie bij kinderen en adolescenten..............................................................................................14
7.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit........................................................................................................................14
7.3 Oorzaken......................................................................................................................................................14
7.3.1 Biologische factoren.............................................................................................................................14
7.3.2 Psychologische factoren.......................................................................................................................15
7.3.3 Stressvolle gebeurtenissen...................................................................................................................15
7.3.4 Systeemfactoren...................................................................................................................................15
7.3.5 Conclusie...............................................................................................................................................15
7.4 Begeleiding en behandeling.........................................................................................................................15
7.4.1 Eerste stappen......................................................................................................................................16
7.4.2 Cognitieve gedragstherapie..................................................................................................................16
7.4.3 Andere behandelvormen......................................................................................................................16
7.4.4 Conclusie...............................................................................................................................................16
7.5 Prognose.......................................................................................................................................................17
7.6 Concrete verschijningsvormen van depressie en de aanpak ervan in de groep..........................................17
7.7 Overzicht van de beste aanpak....................................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 9 – Aandachtsdeficiëntiestoornissen met en zonder hyperactiviteit (AD(H)D)..............................18
9.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied en de diagnostische criteria.............................................................18
9.1.1 ADD-aandachtsdeficiëntiestoornis.......................................................................................................18
9.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit........................................................................................................................18
9.3 Oorzaken......................................................................................................................................................18
9.3.1 Erfelijke factoren en neurobiologische disfuncties..............................................................................18
9.3.2 Omgevingsfactoren...............................................................................................................................19
9.3.3 Conclusie...............................................................................................................................................19
9.4 Begeleiding en behandeling.........................................................................................................................19
9.4.1 Psycho-educatie....................................................................................................................................19
9.4.2 Individuele contingente gedragstherapie.............................................................................................19
9.4.3 Cognitieve gedragstherapie..................................................................................................................19
9.4.4 Ouderbegeleiding.................................................................................................................................19
9.4.5 Leerkrachtbegeleiding..........................................................................................................................20
9.4.6 Medicatie..............................................................................................................................................20
9.4.7 Multimodale behandeling....................................................................................................................20
9.4.8 Dagbehandeling....................................................................................................................................20
9.4.9 Alternatieve behandelwijzen................................................................................................................20
9.4.10 Conclusie.............................................................................................................................................21
9.5 Prognose.......................................................................................................................................................21
9.6 Concrete verschijningsvormen van ADHD en de aanpak ervan in de groep................................................21
9.7 Overzicht van de beste aanpak....................................................................................................................21
9.8 Concrete verschijningsvormen van ADD en de aanpak ervan in de groep..................................................22
, 9.9 Overzicht van de beste aanpak....................................................................................................................22
Hoofdstuk 10 – Oppositionele, normoverschrijdende en agressieve gedragsstoornissen...............................23
10.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied en de diagnostische criteria...........................................................23
10.1.1 Agressief gedrag.................................................................................................................................23
10.1.2 Theorieën over agressief gedrag........................................................................................................23
10.1.3 Ontwikkeling van agressief gedrag.....................................................................................................24
10.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit......................................................................................................................24
10.3 Oorzaken....................................................................................................................................................24
10.3.1 Aanleg en neurobiologische factoren.................................................................................................24
10.3.2 Cognitieve factoren............................................................................................................................24
10.3.3 Andere risicofactoren.........................................................................................................................25
10.3.4 Jeugdcriminaliteit...............................................................................................................................25
10.3.5 Conclusie.............................................................................................................................................25
10.3.6 Risicofactoren bij migrantenjongeren met ernstig probleemgedrag.................................................25
10.4 Begeleiding en behandeling.......................................................................................................................26
10.4.1 Preventie.............................................................................................................................................26
10.4.2 Opvoeding...........................................................................................................................................26
10.4.3 Groepstrainingen................................................................................................................................27
10.4.4 Systeem-/gezinstherapie....................................................................................................................27
10.4.5 (Dag)klinische behandeling.................................................................................................................27
10.4.6 Medicatie............................................................................................................................................27
10.4.7 Beschouwing over behandelmethoden van gedragsgestoorde jongeren.........................................27
10.4.8 Begeleiding van migrantenjongeren met ernstig probleemgedrag...................................................27
10.5 Prognose.....................................................................................................................................................28
10.5.1 Agressie...............................................................................................................................................28
10.6 Concrete verschijningsvormen van oppositioneel-opstandig gedrag en de aanpak ervan in de groep....28
10.7 Overzicht van de beste aanpak (ODD).......................................................................................................28
10.8 Concrete verschijningsvormen van agressief, antisociaal gedrag en de aanpak ervan in de groep.........29
10.9 Overzicht van de beste aanpak (CD)..........................................................................................................29
Hoofdstuk 11 – Autismespectrumstoornis (ASS)........................................................................................... 30
11.1 Beschrijving van het probleemgebied en de diagnostische criteria...........................................................30
11.1.1 Een triade van stoornissen.................................................................................................................30
11.1.2 Cognitieve informatieverwerkingsstoornis........................................................................................30
11.1.3 Andere problematiek..........................................................................................................................30
11.2 Prevalentie en comorbiditeit......................................................................................................................31
11.3 Oorzaken....................................................................................................................................................31
11.3.1 Gen-omgevingsinteractie...................................................................................................................31
11.3.2 Cognitieve theorieën..........................................................................................................................31
11.3.3 Andere verklaringsmodellen..............................................................................................................31
11.4 Begeleiding en behandeling.......................................................................................................................32
11.4.1 Een autismevriendelijk klimaat..........................................................................................................32
11.4.2 Eerste-, tweede- en derdegraadsstrategie.........................................................................................32
11.4.3 Conclusie.............................................................................................................................................32
11.5 De schoolpraktijk........................................................................................................................................33
11.6 Prognose.....................................................................................................................................................33
11.7 Concrete verschijningsvormen van ASS en de aanpak ervan in de groep..................................................33
11.8 Overzicht van de beste aanpak..................................................................................................................33
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