A 50-year-old woman weighs 95 kg and has a history of tobacco use, high blood pressure, high sodium intake, and sedentary lifestyle. When developing an individualized care plan for her, the nurse determines that the most important risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) that must be modifi...
NUR 163 Midterm Exam Questions and
Answers
A 50-year-old woman weighs 95 kg and has a history of tobacco use, high blood
pressure, high sodium intake, and sedentary lifestyle. When developing an
individualized care plan for her, the nurse determines that the most important risk
factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) that must be modified are
a. weight and diet.
b. activity level and salt intake.
c. tobacco use and high blood pressure.
d. sedentary lifestyle and exercise training. - Answer-c. tobacco use and high blood
pressure.
Rest pain is a manifestation of PAD that occurs due to a chronic
a. vasospasm of small cutaneous arteries in the feet.
b. increase in retrograde venous blood flow in the legs.
c. decrease in arterial blood flow to the nerves of the feet.
d. constriction in arterial blood flow to the leg muscles during exercise. - Answer-c.
decrease in arterial blood flow to the nerves of the feet.
A patient with infective endocarditis develops sudden left leg pain with pallor,
paresthesia, and a loss of peripheral pulses. The nurse's initial action should be to
a. elevate the leg to promote venous return.
b. start anticoagulant therapy with IV heparin.
c. notify the HCP of the change in peripheral perfusion.
d. place the bed in reverse Trendelenburg to promote perfusion - Answer-c. notify the
HCP of the change in peripheral perfusion.
Which clinical manifestations are seen in patients with either Buerger's disease or
Raynaud's phenomenon (select all that apply)?
a. Intermittent fevers
b. Sensitivity to cold temperatures
c. Gangrenous ulcers on fingertips
d. Color changes of fingers and toes
e. Episodes of superficial vein thrombosis - Answer-b. Sensitivity to cold temperatures
c. Gangrenous ulcers on fingertips
d. Color changes of fingers and toes
The patient at highest risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a.
a 62-year-old man with spider veins who is having arthroscopic knee surgery.
b. a 32-year-old woman who smokes, takes oral contraceptives, and is planning a trip to
Europe.
c. a 26-year-old woman who is 3 days postpartum and received maintenance IV fluids
for 12 hours during her labor.
, d. an active 72-year-old man at home recovering from transurethral resection of the
prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. - Answer-b. a 32-year-old woman who
smokes, takes oral contraceptives, and is planning a trip to Europe.
Which are clinical findings in a person with an acute lower extremity VTE (select all that
apply)?
a. Pallor and coolness of foot and calf
b. Mild to moderate calf pain and tenderness
c. Grossly diminished or absent pedal pulses
d. Unilateral edema and induration of the thigh
e. Palpable cord along a superficial varicose vein - Answer-b. Mild to moderate calf pain
and tenderness
c. Grossly diminished or absent pedal pulses
The recommended treatment for an initial VTE in an otherwise healthy person with no
significant co-morbidities would include
a. IV argatroban (Acova) as an inpatient.
b. IV unfractionated heparin as an inpatient.
c. subcutaneous unfractionated heparin as an outpatient.
d. subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin as an outpatient. - Answer-d.
subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin as an outpatient.
A key aspect of teaching for the patient on anticoagulant therapy includes which
instructions?
a. Monitor for and report any signs of bleeding.
b. Do not take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for a headache.
c. Decrease your dietary intake of foods containing vitamin
K.
d. Arrange to have blood drawn twice a week to check drug effects. - Answer-a. Monitor
for and report any signs of bleeding.
In planning care and patient teaching for the patient with venous leg ulcers, the nurse
recognizes that the most important intervention in healing and control of this condition is
a. discussing activity guidelines.
b. using moist environment dressings.
c. taking horse chestnut seed extract daily.
d. applying graduated compression stockings - Answer-d. applying graduated
compression stockings
In teaching a patient about coronary artery disease, the nurse explains that the changes
that occur in this disorder include (select all that apply)
a. diffuse involvement of plaque formation in coronary veins.
b. abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins. c. accumulation of
lipid and fibrous tissue within the coronary arteries.
d. development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle.
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