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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) BRAIN | A+ RATED GUIDE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) BRAIN | A+ RATED GUIDE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 406 Brain1. Arousal
Answer
state of wakefulness thats mediated by the reticular activating system (RAS)
2. awareness
Answer
cognitive fxns that embody self-awareness, environment, and affec- tive states
content of thought stimulus and response
3. if damage to to RAS
Answer
Dont wake up
4. consciousness
Answer
our awareness of ourselves and our environment and produce a response to stimulus (arousal vs
awareness)
5. consciousness requires
Answer
both hemispheres and intact upper brainstem with integration through RAS
Cannot be measured directly but is estimated from observation and response to stimulation
is dynamic and occurs along a continuum where change can be rapid or very slow
6. what is the most sensitive indicator of neurologic hange?
Answer
consciousness
,7. full consciousness
Answer
awake, alert, oriented
8. there is no direct measure of
Answer
consciousness
9. confusion/disorientation
Answer
impaired decision making, difficulty with following commands, disoriented to time and place
10. lethargy
Answer
limited spontaneous movement, drowsy, sluggish
11. obtundation
Answer
Arousable with stimulation
usually pain
12. stupor
Answer
responsive to vigorous and repeated stimulation
must constantly be stimulated
13. coma
Answer
no response to noxious stimulation
14. persistent vegetative state
Answer
,permanent loss of function of cerebral cortex
15. LOS is
Answer
lethargy then obtundation then stupor
16. with AO questions you should
Answer
change them up
17. s/s of deteriorating BF
Answer
LOC changes, CSR, central neurogenic hyperventi- lation, Cheyenne-stokes, apnea, pupillary
changes
Answer
oculocephalic reflexes (Doll's eyes, cold water calorics), flexion & extension posturing
18. abnormal breathing changes
Answer
cheyene-stokes(over breathing then no breath- ing from metabolic disease process), central
neurogenic hyperventilation, apneustic breathing, cluster breathing, ataxic breathing (before
someone passes away)
19. pons level breathing is
Answer
SERIOUS (central, apneustic, cluster)
20. ataxic breathing is usually
Answer
right before death, very unpredictable
21. unilateral dilated pupil
, Answer
also known as blown pupil
22. pupil changes
Answer
unilateral dilated, bilateral dilated, irregular, conjugate gaze, small pinpoint (often opiate OD)
23. small pinpoint pupils
Answer
common with OD
24. conjugate gaze is common with
Answer
stroke
25. irregular pupils can be caused by
Answer
being hit in the orbit
26. CN 3 changes
Answer
early
Answer
ipsilateral (each moving differently) pupil change (change in size, shape, sluggish response of
pupil, deviation of eyes)
27. CN 3 changes
Answer
Late
Answer
ipsilateral pupil change (dilated, nonreactive, ptosis, de- conjugate eye movement)
wont react to light stem
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