1. Standards
Answer
communicate the EXPECTATIONS of safe and effective nursing practice within the scope of
the practice. (regulated by the Board of Nursing)
2. Algorithms
Answer
a stepwise decision-making flowchart for a specific care process or processes. Algorithms
guide the clinician through the "if, then" decision making process
3. Practice Guidelines
Answer
usually created by an expert panel and developed by a professional organization.Typically
written in text prose style rather than a flowchart.
4. Protocols
Answer
a common tool in research studies. Protocols are more directive and rigid than guidelines, and
providers are not supposed to vary from a protocol. Built in alerts signal the provider to
potentially serious problems.
5. What is the AACN and what does it do?
Answer
The AACN is the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, most closely associated with
critical care nurses.The world's largest specialty nursing organization created in 1969. Develops
and administers many critical care specialty certifications examination for registered nurses.
Created the beacon of excellence reward for exceptional care through improved outcomes and
greater overall satisfaction.
7. Components of evidence-based practice
Answer
Evidence-based nursing practice considers the BEST RESEARCH EVIDENCE on the care
topic, along with CLIN- ICAL EXPERTISE of the nurse, and PATIENT PREFERENCE.
AANC has promul- gated several EBP summaries in the form of a "practice alert"
8. Respect for persons/autonomy
Answer
honor the patients right to autonomy or to self-determine a course of action without coercion or
undue interference from others.
9. Beneficence and non-maleficence
Answer
actions that maximize good and minimize harm to the patient, often in a delicate balance.
10. Veracity
Answer
the quality of being truthful, a principle that underlies a trusting rela- tionship between nurse
and patient
11. Fidelity
Answer
an essential aspect of nursing, is the quality of keeping commitments and includes
commitments to confidentiality and privacy; it is based on the virtue of caring.
12. Justice
Answer
equitable distribution of limited resources (usually organs for trans- plant, access to healthcare,
which is not a constitutional right)
13. 8 Steps in the ethical decision making model
Answer
1. Identify health problems
, 2. Define the ethical issue(s)
3. Gather additional information (contextual data, useful information)
4. Identify the stakeholders and delineate the decision-maker
5. Examine ethical norms and other relevant norms (personal values, beliefs, moral convictions
of all involved in the decision process should be examined as they may
inappropriately influence decisions away from the values and preferences of the patient)
6. Explore alternative options
7. Implement decisions/Act
8. Evaluate and modify actions
14. Torts
Answer
civil lawsuits based on unintentional acts (failure to act or negligence that results in harm) or
intentional acts, such as assault, battery, or defamation.
15. Ordinary Negligence
Answer
failing to act as a reasonably prudent person would under similar circumstances
1) duty to another person 2) breach of that duty 3) harm that would not have occurred in the
absence of the breach (causation), 4) damages that have a monetary value
16. Professional Malpractice
Answer
malpractice requires the alleged wrongdoer to have special standing as professional
17. Breach
Answer
failure to act within applicable standards of care
18. Professional Malpractice and the Nursing Process
Answer
• Assessment failure
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