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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 3 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 3 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 406 Exam 31. Mouth
Answer
reservoir for chewing and mixing food with saliva into chyme
2. Taste Buds (chemoreceptors)
Answer
salty, sour, bitter, sweet
3. Which cranial nerve controls taste and smell
Answer
Cranial nerve 1
4. how many permanent teeth do we have
Answer
32
5. role of salivary glands
Answer
moisten and lubricate food, contains enzymes and begins digestion of carbs and some lipids
(release mucus to moisten food)
6. 3 pairs of salivary glands
Answer
1. submandibular
2. sublingual
3. parotid
7. Saliva
Answer
-water with mucus, sodium, bicarbonate, chloride, potassium, and salivary alpha-amylase (cab
,digestion)
-controlled by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
8. what does alpha amylase do
Answer
begins to breakdown carbs and some lipids
9. what does IgA immunoglobulin do
Answer
provides local immunity...found in all body secretions
-a deficiency would cause overgrowth of yeast (thrush)
10. Esophagus
Answer
-upper 1/3 striated (motor neuron innervation)
-middle 1/3 mixed striated and smooth
-lower 1/3 smooth (vagus nerve(10), involved in relaxation)
-10in in length in adults
11. Upper Esophageal Sphincter role
Answer
Pharyngeosophageal
-closes off so that air doesnt get into esophagues
12. what is the role of the lower esophageal sphincter
Answer
Gastroesophageal
-allows for food to go into the stomach and prevents it from going back into the esophagues
13. Hiatus
Answer
,where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm into stomach
14. what does the epiglottis do while eating
Answer
it moves over to block the larynx (unless you're talking)
15. Phases of swallowing
Answer
1. oral phase
2. pharyngeal phas e
3. esophageal phase
16. oral phase
Answer
voluntary, food bolus is moved to the back of the mouth
17. pharyngeal phase
Answer
food bolus stimulates this phase by contact involuntary
18. esophageal phase
Answer
involuntary--peristalsis is triggered
-lower esophageal sphincter opens (relaxes) via CNX(vagus) innervation
19. Swallowing
Answer
1. bolus enters the pharynx, and soft palate closes the nasal cavity
2. the larynx rises up to meet the epiglottis. bolus presses on the epiglottis and bends
it downwards, closing the opening to the windpipe
3. bolus enters the esophagus
, 20. Peristalsis
Answer
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through
the digestive system.
21. primary peristalsis
Answer
occurs after swallowing
22. secondary peristalsis
Answer
if bolus of food becomes lodged, the increase in pres- sure stimulates contraction to move food
toward stomach
23. layers of the GI tract
Answer
1. Mucosa (where absorption happens)
-mucous epithelium
-lamina propria
-muscularis mucosae
2. Submucosa (blood vessels, lymph)
-gland in submucosa
-duct from gland
3. Muscularis (peristalsis)
-circular muscle layers
-longitudinal muscle layer
4. Serosa (visceral)
-connective tissue layer
-peritoneum
24. Local controls of digestion
Answer
outer = Myenteric plexus (Auerbach)
Answer
intestinal movements and peristalsis
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