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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 10 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 10 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 406 Exam 101. what are the primary functions of the kidneys
Answer
filter blood control BP
maintain RBC levels (erythropoietin) convert vitamin D to active form regulate pH
2. what hormones are involved in the kidneys
Answer
renin erythropoietin
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
3. renin
Answer
hormone secreted by the kidney
controls the regulation of BP (think RAAS system)
4. where is renin formed
Answer
in the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) from the afferent arteriole
5. where is the JGA found
Answer
around the afferent arteriole
6. erythropoietin
Answer
production of RBCs by the bone marrow
production of erythrocytes
,7. when is erythropoietin produced
Answer
in response to hypoxia or decreased renal blood flow
8. why does anemia occur in renal failure
Answer
due to the lack of erythropoietin (RBCs) being produced
hemoglobin is a part of RBC that carries oxygen (without RBC there is no hemoglo- bin and no
oxygen being carried)
9. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol)
Answer
metabolism of calcium
10. calcitriol
Answer
kidneys convert vitamin D (calcidol) to active form
11. where is calcium absorbed
Answer
GI tract
12. why are the kidneys important?
Answer
they monitor volume and the composition of blood
13. MAIN functions of kidneys
Answer
filter blood and form urine
14. what is blood filtration measured by
Answer
GFR
,15. GFR
Answer
Glomerular filtration rate
16. what is the normal GFR level
Answer
125ml/min
17. what is normal amount of urine formed each day
Answer
1-2 L/day
18. how do the kidneys form urine
Answer
filtration reabsorption
secretion
19. how is urine filtered in the kidneys
Answer
hydrostatic pressure in the capillary
PUSH pressure
20. how is urine reabsorbed in the kidneys
Answer
capillary oncotic pressure
PULL pressure (PROTEINS!!!)
21. where are waste products and water secreted
Answer
into the collecting ducts of the nephron
, 22. after the kidneys, where does urine go
Answer
kidneys -- ureters -- bladder (where it is stored) -- urethra (removal)
23. what do the kidneys regulate
Answer
fluid volume electrolytes
acid-base balance
24. upper urinary system
Answer
kidneys and ureters
25. lower urinary system
Answer
bladder and urethra
26. what is the structure of the kidneys
Answer
retroperitoneal approx 5" long
adrenal gland on top of each kidney each kidney is protected by a capsule
27. hilum of kidney
Answer
where the renal artery/nerves ENTER and where the renal vein/ureters EXIT
28. where are most of the glomeruli located
Answer
in the cortex
29. what is the function of the renal pelvis
Answer
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