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NR 293 Final Review Exam Study Questions and Answers 2024

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Dobutamine (Dobutrex) -Correct Answer beta-1 selective vasoactive adrenergic drug miscellaneous HF drug increases cardiac output via increase contractility (positive inotropy) increases stroke volume (esp. HF patients) Heparin MOA -Correct Answer prevents new clots and enlargement of ...

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  • October 24, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NR 293 Final Review



NR 293 Final Review Exam Study
Questions and Answers 2024
Dobutamine (Dobutrex) -Correct Answer ✔beta-1 selective vasoactive adrenergic drug

miscellaneous HF drug

increases cardiac output via increase contractility (positive inotropy)

increases stroke volume (esp. HF patients)

Heparin MOA -Correct Answer ✔prevents new clots and enlargement of existing

binds to antithrombin III

inactivating several main clotting factors
-activated factor II (thrombin)
-activated factor X
-activated factor IX

Warfarin (Coumadin) MOA -Correct Answer ✔prevents clot formation

inhibits vit. K synthesis by bacteria in GI tract

inhibits clotting factors (in liver)
-II
-VII
-IX
-X

antidote for heparin -Correct Answer ✔protamine sulfate

antidote for warfarin (coumadin) -Correct Answer ✔Vit K

lab values/monitoring for heparin -Correct Answer ✔aPTT (every 6 hrs. until therapeutic
effect seen)

lab values/monitoring for warfarin (coumadin) -Correct Answer ✔prothrombin
time/international normalized ration (PT/INR)

normal INR (w/o drug) = 1

INR w/ drug = 2-3.5


NR 293 Final Review

,NR 293 Final Review



Lower INR patients >65

Aspirin adverse effects -Correct Answer ✔drowsiness
dizziness
confusion
flushing
nausea
vomiting
GI bleeding
thrombocytopenia
agranulocytosis
leukopenia
neutropenia
hemolytic anemia
bleeding

Warfarin (Coumadin) Herbal interactions -Correct Answer ✔dong quai
garlic
gingko
**increased INR = increased bleeding risk

St. Johns wart
**decreased effectiveness

Antiplatelets herbal interactions -Correct Answer ✔garlic
ginko
kava
**increased risk bleeding

Niacin (vit B3) MOA -Correct Answer ✔increase activity of lipase = breaks down lipids

reduces metabolism/catabolism cholesterol & triglycerides

inhibit lipolysis (adipose tissue)

decrease esterification triglycerides

release histamines = increases gastric motility/acid secretion

stimulate fibrinolytic system break down fibrin clots

Niacin (vit B3) indications -Correct Answer ✔lower triglycerides

lower total serum cholesterol



NR 293 Final Review

, NR 293 Final Review


lower LDL levels

increase HDL levels

treat hyperlipidemia types:
-IIa
-IIb
-III
-IV
-V

Niacin (Vit. B3) - Adverse effects -Correct Answer ✔abdominal discomfort
cutaneous flushing
pruritus
blurred vision
glucose intolerance
hepatotoxicity

Niacin (Vit B3) effects on triglyceride levels -Correct Answer ✔begin 1-4 days after
therapy

max effects 3-5 weeks continuous therapy

Niacin (Vit B3) contraindications -Correct Answer ✔liver disease
peptic ulcer disease
active hemorrhagic process
lactating women
gout

Niacin (Vit B3) interactions -Correct Answer ✔HMG-CoA (statins) = increased likelihood
myopathy development

liver dysfunction observed in sustained-release form of -Correct Answer ✔niacin

extended-release forms niacin associated w/ -Correct Answer ✔less adverse effects
(hepatoxicity & flushing)

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Adverse effects -Correct Answer ✔headache
dizziness
blurred vision
fatigue
insomnia
constipation
diarrhea
nausea


NR 293 Final Review

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