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ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 ~ Introduction to Pharmacology Questions and Verified Rationalized Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass 2025/2026$12.99
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ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 ~
Introduction to Pharmacology
A nurse is caring for a client who arrived at the emergency department following a bee sting.
Which of the following findings indicates an anaphylactic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
A. Low blood pressure
B. Wheezing
C. Bradycardia
D. Peripheral edema
E. Difficulty swallowing - ANS-A. Low blood pressure
B. Wheezing
E. Difficulty swallowing
Rationale:
A. Anaphylaxis is an immediate and life-threatening allergic response, manifesting as
bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. Immediate treatment with
epinephrine and IV fluids is imperative.
B. Anaphylaxis is an immediate and life-threatening allergic response, manifesting as
bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. Wheezing is an indication
of bronchospasm and is treated using bronchodilators.
C. Tachycardia, rather than bradycardia, is an indication of anaphylaxis.
D. Angioedema, or facial swelling, rather than peripheral edema, is an indication of anaphylaxis.
E. Anaphylaxis is an immediate and life-threatening allergic response, manifesting as
bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. Difficulty swallowing is an
indication of laryngeal edema and, therefore, anaphylaxis.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of renal insufficiency and is taking lithium. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following?
A. Tolerance to the drug
B. Drug interaction
C. Drug toxicity
D. Dependence on the drug - ANS-C. Drug toxicity
Rationale:
A. Tolerance to a drug develops when it is taken over an extended period of time and the body's
response to the same dose of the drug decreases.
, B. A drug interaction occurs when a client is taking two or more drugs together, and it results in
an increase or decrease in therapeutic effects or causes adverse drug interactions that could
result in harm to the client.
C. Drug toxicity develops when the amount of a drug that is taken is greater than its rate of
excretion, and it results in the drug accumulating in the body. A client who has renal
insufficiency might have delayed or impaired excretion of the drug. The drug dosage should be
reduced if toxicity occurs.
D. Dependence on a drug can develop when a client takes a drug over an extended period of
time. If the client is dependent on the drug, withdrawal symptoms can occur when it is abruptly
discontinued. Withdrawal is also called abstinence syndrome, and it can cause sweating,
tremors, and nausea.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a drug. After receiving the first dose
of the drug, the client experiences anaphylaxis. The nurse should identify that anaphylaxis
represents which of the following results of the drug?
A. Adverse effect
B. Paradoxical effect
C. Therapeutic effect
D. Toxicity - ANS-A. Adverse effect
Rationale:
A. Adverse effects are the unintended and unexpected effects of a drug, which can range from
mildly annoying to life-threatening, such as an anaphylactic reaction.
B. Paradoxical effects are the opposite of the intended or desired effect of a drug, such as a
drug intended to aid with sedation causing increased excitability in certain clients.
C. A therapeutic effect is the intended benefit of the drug for the client.
D. Toxicity occurs when the client receives a drug in excessive dosages. Manifestations of
toxicity differ between drugs.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a drug that has a receptor agonist effect.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "This will increase the effects of normal cellular functions."
B. "This prevents cells in your body from performing certain actions."
C. "This prevents hormones in your body from attaching to cell receptor sites."
D. "This minimizes the risk that the medications you take will become toxic." - ANS-A. "This will
increase the effects of normal cellular functions."
Rationale:
A. Agonist drugs bind to cell receptors in the body and are targeted to a specific type of
receptor. When they attach to the receptors, they perform the same action as a hormone or
chemical would, increasing the effects of that hormone or chemical. For example,
pharmacological insulin is administered to clients who have little to no insulin to mimic insulin's
effects in the body.
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