What does ST elevation indicate? - Answer Blockage in the heart- MI
NonSTEMI vs STEMI - Answer Stemi results from complete and prolonged occlusion of
an epicardial coronary blood vessel and is defined based on an ECG
NonStemi- results from severe coronary artery narrowing, transient occlusion, or
microembolization of thrombus
Cardiac Tamponade - Answer develops as the pericardial effusion volume increases
and compresses the heart
Pt reports chest pain, confused, anxious and restless. Decrease CO, muffled heart
sounds narrow pulse pressure tachypnea and tachycardia.
Pulsus Paradoxus: if present large decrease in Systolic BP during inspiration
What diagnosis a cardiac tamponade? - Answer Echocardiogram
pericardiocentesis - Answer surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac
surrounding the heart- can be completed with an acute cardiac tamponade and
pericardial effusion
A STEMI is an emergency situation. - Answer
The pain of pericarditis worsens with inspiration and the pain improves when the pt sits
up and leans forward but worsens when lying down. - Answer
Pericarditis places the pt at risk for developing what condition? - Answer Cardiac
tamponade and decreased CO
, What do nurses do first for pts with sickle cell - Answer 1st Give O2 to prevent hypoxia
and control sickling
Fluids are also given to dilute blood viscosity and maintain renal profusion
Priapism is treated with pain medications and fluids
Any febrile illness in a pt with SCD is an emergency
What is the most common illness in pts with SCD? -Anwer Pneumonia
What are normal HGB and HCT? -Answer HGB Female 12-16
HGB Men 14-18
HCT Female 37-47
HCT Males: 42-52
Be able to identify purpura, petechia -Answer
site of bone marrow aspiration? - Answer posterior iliac crest
post bone marrow aspiration who should the pt be positioned - Answer Supine for 30-60
minutes
what is defined as mild anemia? - Answer Mild: Hgb (10-12) may be asymptomatic- if
symptoms develop it may be from an underlying condition or a compensatory response
to heavy exercise palpitations, dyspnea, and mild fatigue
What is considered moderate anemia? -Answer Moderate: Hgb (6-10) increase in
cardiopulmonary symptoms. Pt. may have them while resting as well as with activity.
What is considered severe anemia? -Answer Severe: Hgb less than 6, pt. has many
manifestations multiple body systems. (skin: pallor, jaundice, itching)
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