N421: Contemporary Gerontological Nursing Exam Study Guide

N421: Contemporary Gerontological Nursing Exam Study Guide Gerontology - Ans:-The study of aging and health problems of older people with a holistic focus (including biologic, sociologic, psychologic, spiritual, and economic issues) Geriatrics - Ans:-The medical speciality focusing on diagnosing and treating diseases of older people Ageism - Ans:-The attribution of negative stereotypes to a person based solely on that person's age Old - Ans:-Older adults are considered older than 65 yo Cultural terms - Ans:-1) Elder 2) Senior 3) Older adult 4) Elderly Myths of Aging - Ans:-1) Being old means being sick 2) Old people are set in their ways and cannot learn new things ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/12 3) Health promotion is a waste of time for the older adult 4) Older adults are a drain on society 5) Older adults are isolated and loney 6) Older adults have no interest in sex Attitudes toward Aging - Ans:-1) Aging is normal 2) Older adults have diverse characteristics 3) Care should not be based on age alone 4) Myths and stereotypes can lead to poor care 5) Ageism leads to discrimination and results in disparate care 6) 70% of disabilities in old adults could be altered with basic life decisions (eg. better diet, exercise, smoking cessation) Benefits of Healthy Aging - Ans:-1) Creativity and confidence are enhanced 2) Coping ability increases 3) Gratitude and appreciation deepen 4) Confidence increases with less reliance on the approval of others ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/12 5) Self-understanding and acceptance increases Healthy People 2020 - Ans:-1) Prevention agenda for the US 2) Establishes quality measures 3) Goal = achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups 4) NB. Direct relationship between health disparities and poor health and wellness Primary Prevention - Ans:-1) Prevent disease from happening → disease never happens 2) Immunizations (flu, pneumonia, shingles) 3) Seat belts, avoid texting and driving 4) Healthy diet and exercise 5) Discuss and create a living will/advanced directive Secondary Prevention - Ans:-1) Aims to reduce the impact of the disease or injury that has already occurred 2) SCREENINGS 4) EARLY treatment/management to prevent individual from getting sicker Secondary Prevention: Screenings - Ans:-1) Smoking = every single health visit ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/12 2) BP, height, weight, VS = every single health visit 3) Colonoscopy = every 10 years 4) Mammogram = every year 5) Prostate = every year 6) Dexascan = every 2 years if at-risk (expensive and not always covered by insurance) 7) Glaucoma = every year (for someone with high BP, risk of glaucoma) 8) Cataracts = every year Tertiary Prevention - Ans:-1) Individual HAS the disease 2) Restore to optimal functioning following the disease or injury 3) Prevent damage and pain from the disease 4) Slow down the disease 5) Prevent complications 6) Eg. If patient already has diabetes, trying to prevent them from getting a foot ulcer Expected Age-related Changes - Ans:-NB. Overall loss of organ reserve