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PN 130 EXAM 2 STUDY SET
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PN 130 EXAM 2 STUDY SET...
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infective endocarditisinflammation of the endocardium
pathophysiology of infective endocarditis
leads to the formation of vegetation which can cause inflammation, damage to
the heart, and potentially release particles that can harm other organisms
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manifestations of infective endocarditis
elevated temperature, flu-like symptoms, cough, sobbing, joint pain, petechiae,
splinter haemorrhages, heart murmur
pericarditis
inflammation of the pericardium
pathophysiology of pericarditis
causes fluid and exudate to collect on the pericardial space which in turn
compresses the heart and interferes with the heart filling
manifestations of pericarditis
chest pain, pericardial rub, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea
rheumatic heart disease
complication of untreated streptococcal throat infection that causes
inflammation and damage to the heart valves and can lead to long-term heart
problems
manifestations of rheumatic heart disease
dever, migratory joint pain, rash on trunk or extremities, chest pain, tachycardia,
sob
medication for rheumatic heart disease
, antibiotics, aspirin, nsaids, steroids, bed rest
patient teaching for valve replacement
should include activity guidelines, post operative care such as pain
management, dietary recommendations and follow up care
valve insufficiency
peripheral vascular disorder in which flow of venous blood is impaired through
deep or superficial veins (or both), causes
valve insufficiency on cardiac output - decreased efficiency
backflow reduces the effective volume of blood being pumped forward with
each heartbeat.
valve insufficiency on cardiac output - increased volume load
the heart must work harder to compensate for the volume of blood that
regurgitates
aortic stenosis
narrowing of the opening in the aortic valve when the valve cusps become stiff
and rigid
mitral stenosis
valve does not open properly to facilitate the filling of the left ventricle
mitral valve prolapse
valve cusps enlarge, become floppy and bulge backward into the left atrium
aortic regurgitation
aortic valve does not properly enclose and blood can leak backwards
mitral regurgitation
mitral valve does not close completely
mechanical heart valve
more durable, requires lifetime anticoagulation to prevent clot formation on the
valve
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