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,Test Bank—Chapter 1 Goodwin History, 5e 1-1


I. Multiple Choice

NOTE: The following items also appear in the online study guide that is available to students:
2, 6, 14, 24, 28, 39

1. Robert Watson was instrumental in developing interest in psychology’s history in the 1960s. During this time he
accomplished all of the following except
a. played a key role in forming APA’s Division 26 (on history)
b. was first Director of doctoral program in psychology’s history at UNH
c. established and became the first director of the Archives of the History of American Psychology
d. had a key role in forming Cheiron

2. Which of the following is the least important reason for studying history (in general, not just psychology’s
history)?
a. it enables us to understand the present better
b. knowing history is the only sure way to predict the future
c. it prevents us from thinking that things were always much better in the past
d. it helps us to understand human nature

3. Early in the chapter, what was the purpose of describing the formation of the Association for Psychological
Science (APS)?
a. to show that understanding the present requires knowing the past
b. to show that the most important reason for studying history is to be able to predict the future
c. to show that psychology can never be a unified discipline
d. to show that most research psychologists know little and care little about history

4. What was the purpose of the Boorstin quote from his essay The Prison of the Present?
a. to show that a full understanding of the present requires knowing the past
b. to show that the most important reason for studying history is to be able to predict the future
c. to show that knowing history prevents us from thinking that things were always better in the
past than they are now
d. to show that most psychologists prefer to live in the past

5. Which of the following is the least valuable reason for studying psychology’s history?
a. it will enable us to avoid the mistakes of the past
b. it will help synthesize the content learned in other psychology courses
c. it helps enable us better understand the present status of psychology
d. issues of importance 100 years ago are still important today

6. Furumoto’s concept of “old” history is characterized by
a. internal history
b. naturalistic history
c. an emphasis on historical context
d. historicism

7. Furumoto’s concept of “new” history is characterized by
a. internal history
b. personalistic history
c. an emphasis on the history of ideas
d. historicism

8. Someone taking an “old” history stance would, according to Furumoto, be likely to say that
a. Jones’s 1920 study is important because it anticipated Smith’s 1997 research
b. the history of psychology is, in essence, the history of great psychologists
c. modern psychology has progressed significantly from the days of the introspective analysis
d. all of these

,Test Bank—Chapter 1 Goodwin History, 5e 1-2


9. Old history thinking typically includes
a. origin myths
b. emphasizing the zeitgeist
c. historicist rather than presentist views
d. denying the importance of history

10. Tracing modern experimental social psychology to Triplett’s 1898 study that simulated competition among
cyclists is an example of
a. the importance of the zeitgeist
b. an eponym
c. an origin myth
d. a multiple

11. Which of the following is true about an origin myth in psychology?
a. it usually describes events that never actually happened
b. it falsely gives credit to a discovery to person X when person Y in fact anticipated the discovery
some years before person X
c. it glorifies the zeitgeist at the expense of failing to recognize the value of individual genius
d. it gives the false impression of a clear starting point for a scientific approach to some area of
psychology

12. If you accuse someone of being excessively “presentist,” it means that this person
a. believes the present can only be understood by understanding the past
b. thinks the past should be evaluated by using the standards of the present
c. believes history is of no importance at all to the present
d. thinks the present can be understood (it is happening now); the past can never be understood

13. Someone taking a naturalistic approach to history would say
a. Darwin revolutionized biology; the 19th century would have been completely different without
him
b. history changes because special people (e.g., Einstein) force history to change
c. I’m not at all surprised that two people (Darwin & Wallace) thought of the idea of natural
selection at about the same time
d. the importance of the zeitgeist has been overstated

14. Someone taking a naturalistic approach to history would say that
a. without Descartes, the history of reflex action would be totally different
b. history changes because of the work of highly creative and forceful individuals
c. the importance of the zeitgeist has been overstated; people are more important
d. biography matters, but the zeitgeist is a more critical factor

15. The existence of “multiples” supports which of the following?
a. naturalistic approach
b. internal approach
c. personalistic approach
d. presentist approach

16. The existence of “multiples”
a. refutes the idea that the zeitgeist is important
b. supports a naturalistic more than a personalistic viewpoint
c. supports a personalistic more than a naturalistic viewpoint
d. demonstrates the dangers of presentism

, Test Bank—Chapter 1 Goodwin History, 5e 1-3


17. According to a historicist approach to history,
a. the past should be understood with reference to the values and understandings of the past
b. the past should be evaluated by using the standards of the present
c. the present can only be understood by knowing the past
d. the present can be understood because it is happening now, but the past can never be
understood

18. Someone taking a personalistic approach to history would say that
a. without Descartes, the history of reflex action would be totally different
b. the importance of the zeitgeist has been overstated
c. both without Descartes, the history of reflex action would be totally different and the importance of the
zeitgeist has been overstated
d. none of these

19. In contrasting “old” and “new” history, Furumoto described the old way of doing history as
a. historicist, internal, and presentist
b. external, presentist, and naturalistic
c. personalistic, internal, and presentist
d. contextual, presentist, and personalistic

20. Which of the following is true about an external history of psychology?
a. it examines the influence of such things as the social and political context in which
important events occurred
b. it emphasizes the importance of how theories evolve (that is, an external history is a
history of ideas)
c. it emphasizes the accomplishments of great individuals
d. it evaluates the past with reference to present knowledge and values

21. Someone arguing for the importance of the zeitgeist
a. prefers a personalistic rather than a naturalistIc history
b. believes that “the men make the times”
c. emphasizes the importance of history’s “multiples”
d. believes that the social and political context is not relevant

22. To say that “without Descartes, the history of reflex action would be totally different” is to take a
a. contextual approach to history
b. naturalistic view of history
c. personalistic view of history
d. presentist approach of history

23. Compared to the “new” history, the “old,” traditional way of looking at psychology’s history is characterized
by
a. a historicist approach
b. a naturalistic approach
c. an internal approach
d. a contextual approach

24. When reading about Goddard and the immigrants, someone taking a presentist approach would
a. emphasize how Goddard and others were affected by the theory of evolution
b. try to understand the zeitgeist
c. concentrate on understanding the mental processes involved in scoring well on an IQ test
d. criticize Goddard for failing to recognize the importance of an immigrant’s cultural background

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