Exam (elaborations)
Stat 200 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update
- Course
- STAT 200
- Institution
- Pennsylvania State University - All Campuses
Stat 200 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
Stat 200 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Latest
Update
Statisitcs ANS✔✔ The science of collecting, describing, and analyzing data
Dataset ANS✔✔ where data is stored and presented
Cases ANS✔✔ are the subjects or objects that we obtain information about
Variables ANS✔✔ are any characteristic that is recorded for each case. The
values of variables can vary from one case to the next.
Categorial ANS✔✔ divides the cases into groups
Quantitative ANS✔✔ measures a numerical quantity for each case
Explanatory variable ANS✔✔ Comes first (control)
Response variable ANS✔✔ measures an outcome of a study. Explained by
the explanatory variable
Population ANS✔✔ includes ALL individuals or objects of interest
Sample ANS✔✔ all of the cases that we collected data on
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Sampling bias ANS✔✔ Sample differs from population
Random Sample ANS✔✔ 1) helps avoid sampling bias
2) can be trusted to make generalizations back to the population
Simple Random Sampling (SRS) ANS✔✔ Where each unit of the population
has the SAME CHANCE of being selected.
Association ANS✔✔ Two variables are associated if values of one variable
tend to be related to values of the other.
Association with Causation ANS✔✔ Two variables are CAUSALLY
ASSOCIATED if changing the value of one variable influences the value of
the other variable.
Confounding Variables ANS✔✔ - A third variable that is associated with both
the explanatory and response variable.
(VARIABLE Z causes X and Y to change)
- ** When confounding variables are present, a causal association CANNOT
be determined.
Observational Study ANS✔✔ A study in which the researcher does not
actively control the value of any variable
* Observational studies can almost never be used to establish causality.
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