Taylor Fundamentals End of Chapter
NCLEX Questions & Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible
cerebral aneurysm following a loss of consciousness in the emergency room. The nurse
anticipates preparing the patient for ordered diagnostic tests. This nurse's knowledge of
the diagnostic procedures for this condition reflects which aspect of nursing?
The art of nursing
The science of nursing
The caring aspect of nursing
The holistic approach to nursing - ANSWERS1. b. The science of nursing is the
knowledge base for care that is provided. In contrast, the skilled application of that
knowledge is the art of nursing. Providing holistic care to patients based on the science
of nursing is considered the art of nursing.
2. Which nurse who was influential in the development of nursing in North America is
regarded as the founder of American nursing?
Clara Barton
Lillian Wald
Lavinia Dock
Florence Nightingal - ANSWERS2. d. Florence Nightingale elevated the status of
nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded
modern nursing education. Clara Barton established the Red Cross in the United States
in 1882. Lillian Wald is the founder of public health nursing. Lavinia Dock was a nursing
leader and women's rights activist instrumental in womens' right to vote.
3. In early civilizations, the theory of animism attempted to explain the mysterious
changes occurring in bodily functions. Which statement describes a component of the
development of nursing that occurred in this era?
Women who committed crimes were recruited into nursing the sick in lieu of serving jail
sentences.
Nurses identified the personal needs of the patient and their role in meeting those
needs.
Women called deaconesses made the first visits to the sick and male religious orders
cared for the sick and buried the dead.
The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal
remedies. - ANSWERS3. d. The theory of animism was based on the belief that
everything in nature was alive with invisible forces and endowed with power. In this era,
the nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by providing
physical care and herbal remedies. At the beginning of the 16th century the shortage of
,nurses led to the recruitment of women who had committed crimes to provide nursing
care instead of going to jail. In the early Christian period, women called deaconesses
made the first organized visits to sick people, and members of male religious orders
gave nursing care and buried the dead. The influences of Florence Nightingale were
apparent from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century; one of her
accomplishments was identifying the personal needs of the patient and the nurse's role
in meeting those needs.
4. World War II had a tremendous effect on the nursing profession. Which development
occurred during this period?
The role of the nurse was broadened.
There was a decreased emphasis on education.
Nursing was practiced mainly in hospital settings.
There was an overabundance of nurses. - ANSWERS4. a. During World War II, large
numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and
assertive, which led to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a
need for more nurses and resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and
technology. This trend broadened the role of nurses to include practicing in a wide
variety of health care settings.
5. Which phrase describes a purpose of the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy Statement?
Select all that apply.
To describe the nurse as a dependent caregiver
To provide standards for nursing educational programs
To define the scope of nursing practice
To establish a knowledge base for nursing practice
To describe nursing's social responsibility
To regulate nursing research - ANSWERS5. c, d, e. The ANA Social Policy Statement
(2010) describes the social context of nursing, a definition of nursing, the knowledge
base for nursing practice, the scope of nursing practice, standards of professional
nursing practice, and the regulation of professional nursing.
6. One of the four broad aims of nursing practice is to restore health. Which examples of
nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program.
A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest.
A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin.
A nurse recommends a yoga class for a busy executive.
A nurse provides hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer.
A nurse teaches a nutrition class at a local high school. - ANSWERS6. a, b, c. Activities
to restore health focus on the individual with an illness and range from early detection of
a disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug
counseling, teaching patients how to administer their medications, and performing
,range-of-motion exercises for bedridden patients. Recommending a yoga class for
stress reduction is a goal of preventing illness, and teaching a nutrition class is a goal of
promoting health. A hospice care nurse helps to facilitate coping with disability and
death.
7. Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on which defining criteria?
Select all that apply.
Well defined body of general knowledge
Interventions dependent upon the medical practice
Recognized authority by a professional group
Regulation by the medical industry
Code of ethics
Ongoing research - ANSWERS7. c, e, f. Nursing is recognized increasingly as a
profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined body of specific and
unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a professional
group, code of ethics, professional organization that sets standards, ongoing research,
and autonomy and self-regulation.
8. A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-GYN office. Which degree in
nursing is necessary to practice at this level?
LPN
ADN
BSN
MSN - ANSWERS8. d. A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses.
Many master's graduates gain national certification in their specialty area, for example,
as family nurse practitioners (FNPs) or nurse midwives.
9. Nurse practice acts are established in each state of the United States to regulate
nursing practice. What is a commonelement of every state practice act?
Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
Providing continuing education programs
Determining the content covered in the NCLEXexamination
Creating institutional policies for health care practices - ANSWERS9. a. Nurse practice
acts are established in each state to regulate the practice of nursing by defining the
legal scope of nursing practice, creating a state board of nursing to make and enforce
rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in nursing, and establish
criteria for the education and licensure of nurses. The acts do not determine the content
covered on the NCLEX, but they do have the legal authority to allow graduates of
approved schools of nursing to take the licensing examination. The acts also may
determine educational requirements for licensure, but do not provide the education.
Institutional policies are created by the institutions themselves.
, 10. The National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies critical
challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century. What is a current health care trend
contributing to these challenges?
Decreased numbers of hospitalized patients
Older and more acutely ill patients
Decreasing health care costs due to managed care
Slowed advances in medical knowledge and technology - ANSWERS10. b. The
National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies the following
critical challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century: A growing population of
hospitalized patients who are older and more acutely ill, increasing health care costs,
and the need to stay current with rapid advances in medical knowledge and technology.
1. A nurse caring for patients in the intensive care unit develops values from experience
to form a personal code of ethics. Which statements best describe a characteristic of
the development of a personal value system? Select all that apply.
People are born with values.
Values act as standards to guide behavior.
Values are ranked on a continuum of importance.
Values influence beliefs about health and illness.
Value systems are not related to personal codes of conduct.
Nurses should not let their values influence patient care. - ANSWERS1. b, c, d. A value
is a belief about the worth of something, about what matters, which acts as a standard
to guide one's behavior. A value system is an organization of values in which each is
ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal code of conduct. A
person's values influence beliefs about human needs, health, and illness; the practice of
health behaviors; and human responses to illness. Values guide the practice of nursing
care. An individual is not born with values; rather, values are formed during a lifetime
from information from the environment, family, and culture.
2. Five-year-old Bobby has dietary modifications related to his diabetes. His parents
want him to value good nutritional habits and they decide to deprive him of a favorite TV
program when he becomes angry after they deny him foods not on his diet. This is an
example of what mode of value transmission?
Modeling
Moralizing
Laissez-faire
Rewarding and punishing - ANSWERS2. d.When rewarding and punishing are used to
transmit values, children are rewarded for demonstrating values held by parents and
punished for demonstrating unacceptable values. Through modeling, children learn
what is of high or low value by observing parents, peers, and significant others. Children
whose caregivers use the moralizing mode of value transmission are taught a complete
value system by parents or an institution (e.g., church or school) that allows little
opportunity for them to weigh different values. Those who use the laissez-faire
