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Summary

Samenvatting Historisch overzicht micro

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Historisch overzicht micro-organismen

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  • February 1, 2020
  • 3
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary
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Inleiding met historisch overzicht
Situering
Definitie
Microbiologie bestudeert de micro-organismen (10 -6 of µm). Kunnen bekeken worden met een
microscoop

Celtypes: prokaryoot vs eukaryoot
Er bestaan 2 fundamenteel verschillende types van cellen

 Prokaryoot: hebben een eenvoudige morfologie en hebben geen door een membraan
omgeven kern. (alle (Archaea)bacteriën)
 Eukaryoot: kern die omgeven is door een membraan en morfologisch complex. (fungi, algen,
protozoa, dieren en planten)

Studiedomein
Planten Dieren
 Onbeweeglijk  Beweeglijk
 Autotroof  Heterotroof
 Celwand  Geen celwand
Deze indeling bleek te eenvoudig

 Bacteriën: kenmerken van beide: beweeglijk en celwand
 Schimmels: celwand en heterotroof

 betere indeling: 5 rijken systeem

Moderne onderzoekstechnieken  indeling verder verfijnd




Nomenclatuur
Binomiale nomenclatuur

Genusnaam soortnaam of Genusnaam soortnaam

Historisch overzicht
1 De oudheid en Middeleeuwen
 Consumptiegoederen (bier, gist)
 Ziektes (besmettelijk en niet-besmettelijk)
 Generatio spontanea

2 Generatio spontanea
De ‘spontane generatie’-theorie stelde dat dieren en planten vanzelf uit dode stof konden ontstaan.



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