Pharmacology Exam 1 Study Set, NU220
exam 1 review
What are the interactions with NSAIDs and the contraindications? - ANS Anticoagulants (warfarin) and
NSAIDs both thin the blood(contraindicated).
Know how to correctly write an order for medication (This will involve knowing which abbreviations are
acceptable and how we write the numbers). - ANS Example:
Lasix 20 mg 1 tablet PO (by mouth) QD (every day)
Know the definitions of generic and trade name drugs. - ANS Generic names are the name regardless of
who makes the drug
Understand what happens when two highly protein drugs are given at the same time. - ANS Toxicity can
occur because the two drugs are fighting for the protein
Know the definition of polypharmacy - ANS Using multiple medications simultaneously
What does a narrow therapeutic range mean and what could be some complications if we are above or
below the range. - ANS Narrow range means the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose
is very small. Effective range is very close to the toxic range.
What are the dangers of COX2 inhibitors? In other words, what do we worry about when administering
the medication? - ANS MI and stroke (Celebrex)
Can we crush sustain release medications? Why? - ANS No, because they are meant to be released over
a certain period of time. Can result in overdose.
,What are the potential adverse reactions to Tylenol? What is contraindicated? - ANS Can cause liver
damage. Alcohol can make liver damage worse and the daily dose limit should be cut in half from 4000-
2000
Know which medication to administer based upon the patient's pain rating- also know which route
would be most appropriate. - ANS Pain rating 10/10- IV morphine
What could happen if a patient takes too much Acetaminophen? - ANS Hepatic necrosis
Know the adverse effects of chronic salicylate intoxication. - ANS Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
Know patient teaching information on Oxycodone. - ANS Constipation
Patient education regarding Aspirin and surgery. - ANS Stop taking aspirin immediately if they are having
surgery in a week
How does grapefruit juice effect certain medications? - ANS Inhibits P-450 and increases the medication
in the body. Toxicity may occur
How are older adults affected by medications due to their declining health? - ANS Decreased liver
function alters the metabolism
What is "half-life?" - ANS One half of the original amount of drug excreted from the body.
Know your pharmacokinetic phases. - ANS -Liver-metabolism
-Kidney-excretion
-Blood stream- distribution
, What is the maximum dosage for Acetaminophen? - ANS 4000 mg
What is the maximum dosage for Acetaminophen that we give to a compromised patient? - ANS 2000
mg
Know which drugs have the fastest onset. - ANS Liquids are most readily absorbed
Know what is important when administering medications to infants. - ANS -Immature kidney
-Immature liver
-CNS more sensitive to drugs
Which medication is contraindicated with a child with Ryes syndrome? - ANS Aspirin
Know the period during which the highest risk of teratogen-induced fetal malformations. - ANS First
trimester
What assessment findings do we look for before administering Morphine Sulfate? - ANS Respirations
What is special about OTC medications compared to ones prescribed by an MD/NP? - ANS OTC don't
require a prescription
What is the lowest amount of a drug that causes a therapeutic affect? - ANS Minimum concentration
What are we worried about when administering methadone? - ANS Prolonged QT level
What is the most important factor affecting adherence to a medication regimen? - ANS Patient
education
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