WGU C365 ALL TERMS
Pragmatics - Answers-effective use of language
Ways to assist ELL students - Answers-Boldface vocabulary words, speak slowly, use
gestures and visuals, explain new words, use motivation.
Role of culture - Answers-Instruction should build on the students' experiences and
develop and reinforce skills and values important to their cultures.
New literacies- critical thinking - Answers-Reading, writing, and communication skills
that are required for successful use of information and communication technologies,
especially the Internet.
10 principles of reading instruction - Answers-1. Learn to read by reading
2. Reading should be easy but not too easy
3. Instruction- Functional and contextual
4. Make connections
5. Promote independence
6. Believe all children can read and write
7. Literacy program should be goal oriented and systematic
8. Build motivation and competence
9. Build language proficiency
10. Know how students are progressing
Native vs: Second Language - Answers-Native- first language learned and spoken;
second language- language being learned (English).
Ways to Support ELL with no Bilingual Program - Answers-Language experience
stories, predictable books, writing, oral language skills
Ways to support all ELL students - Answers-secure environment, build language,
modeling, running commentary, expansion, redirect, academic language, academic
word lists, sentence starters, word walls, checking for understanding, empowering,
cooperative groups, peer tutoring, use of print.
Ways to Assist Economically Disadvantaged - Answers-build background, emphasize
success, make instruction explicit, provide a balanced program, provide access to
books and magazines, and fourth-grade slump
Learning Disabilities - Answers-can generally be considered to be caused by a
weakness in information processing such as visual-perceptual skills, auditory
processing, language skills, and attention and motor skills.
Strategies for ADD - Answers-Attention Deficit Disorder- provide meaningful and
interesting tasks, give choices, allow mobility in the classroom, allow students to work
, together, minimize formal tests, make sure they understand directions, make sure they
have all needed materials, keep a schedule, use visual aids, schedule breaks, work with
parents, minimize distractions, have clear procedures, highlight important information,
use peer tutoring, use computers.
Intellectual Disability- Support - Answers-(IQ of 69 or less)- use modeling, stay on task,
determine relevant information.
Slow Learners (although not a diagnostic category) - Answers-(IQ of 70-85)- use
concrete examples, give guidance, more practice, more time on learning tasks, use
materials on their level.
Language and Speech Support - Answers-Help child apply skills in the classroom that
are learned while working with a speech therapist.
Inclusion - Answers-providing support to classroom teachers as they provide support for
the education of disabled students
Modifications - Answers-Change in content or structure of instruction (like altering the
curriculum).
Accommodations - Answers-Changes in the way student is taught- changes in
instruction, assessment, or the assignment of homework.
Gifted- Challenge - Answers-materials on their instructional level, use reading and
writing workshops, self selected texts.
Culturally Diverse - Answers-value and build on every student's culture.
Learning Styles - Answers-differing ways in which students think and process
information
Standards - Answers-statements of what students should know and be able to do
Assessment - Answers-process of gathering data about an area of learning through
tests, observations, work samples, and other means
Summative Assessment - Answers-occurs after learning has taken place and
summarizes student progress
Formative Assessment - Answers-takes place during learning and is used to plan or
modify instruction
Informal Reading Inventory - Answers-(IRI)- used to determine students' reading levels.
Consists of word lists, reading passages, and comprehension questions. Can also
include silent reading passages in some instances.