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OAT exam- Organic Chemistry Questions with Complete Solutions
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OAT exam- Organic Chemistry Questions with Complete Solutions
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OAT exam- OrganicChemistry Questions with
Complete Solutions
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,vicinal-diols - Correct Answers: hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons
geminal-diols - Correct Answers: diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon. spontaneously
dehydrate to produce carbonyl compunds
functional group order of importance when namin - Correct Answers: carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides,
esters, acyl halides, amide, nitrile, aldehyde, aldehyde, ketone, ketone, alcohol, amine, hydrocarbon,
ether, halide
carrier, at, every, alligator, arm, now, alligators, now, all about her, eating, habits
isomers - Correct Answers: chemical compunds that have the same molecular formula but differ in
sturcture (their spacial orientation)
structural isomers - Correct Answers: constitutional isomers. compound that share only a molecular
formula, differ in where and how atoms are connected to each other
sterioisomers - Correct Answers: compunds that have the same connectivity between their atoms and
differ from each other only in the way their atoms are oriented in space
includes cis/trans enantiomers, disteriomers, meso compunds and conformation isomers
geometric isomers - Correct Answers: cis/trans. compunds that differ in the position of substituents
attatched to the 2 carbons that form a double bond.
cis- substituents are on the same side of the carbon
trans- substituents are on the opposite side of the carbon
E- opposite sides
Z- same side
rules to determine which atoms take precidence - Correct Answers: 1- the atom with the greater
aatomic weight takes precidence.
if 2 atoms have the same atomic weights, then you go to the next one. if double bonds, count the atom
twice, if triple, count it three times
, chiral - Correct Answers: a molecule that is not superimposable on its mirroor image. has 4 different
groups attatched to a carbon. assymetrical because it lacks a plane/point of symmetry
achiral - Correct Answers: mirror images that can be superimposed- the molecules branching off the
carbon are not all different
enantiomers - Correct Answers: pairs of chiral molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images
fischer projection - Correct Answers: horizontal lines represent bonds that project out from the plane of
the page
vertical lines indicate bonds behind the plane of the page
point of intersection of lines represents a carbon atom
rotations of 180 degrees and swapping 2 pairs keeps same molecule
configuration - Correct Answers: describes the spatial arrangement of the atoms or functional groups of
sterioisomers
relative configuration - Correct Answers: configuration in relation to another chiral molecule
retained if bonds between chiral carbon and its substituents aren't broken
E,Z or cis trans
absolute configuration - Correct Answers: describes arrangement of these atoms or groups within the
molecule relative to each other- determined using R or S naming convention- S is counter clockwise, R is
clockwise
R and S configuration. arrangement of atoms independent of any other groups in the molecule
optically active - Correct Answers: has the ability to rotate plan polarized light. molecule rotates the
orientation of light by angle a. the enantiomer will roate light the same amount but in differe direction
the amount of rotation depends on the number of molecules a light wave encounters, this depends on
concentration of the compund and length of tube which light passes through
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