Exam (elaborations)
MED SURG FINAL HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MED SURG FINAL HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MED SURG FINAL HESI QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS
A6client6with6a6productive6cough6has6obtained6a6sputum6specimen6for6culture6as6instruct
ed.6What6is6the6best6initial6nursing6action?
A.6Administer6the6first6dose6of6antibiotic6therapy
B.6Observe6the6color,6consistency,6and6amount6of6sputum
C.6Encourage6the6client6to6consume6plenty6of6warm6liquids
D.6Send6the6specimen6to6the6lab6for6analysis6-6ans--
✔✔B.6Observe6the6color,6consistency,6and6amount6of6sputum
A6client6is6brought6to6the6ED6by6ambulance6in6cardiac6arrest6with6cardiopulmonary6resus
citation6(CPR)6in6progress.6The6client6is6intubated6and6is6receiving6100%6oxygen6per6self
-
inflating6(ambu)6bag.6The6nurse6determines6that6the6client6is6cyanotic,6cold,6and6diaphor
etic.6Which6assessment6is6most6important6for6the6nurse6to6obtain?
A.6Breath6sounds6over6bilateral6lung6fields.
B.6Carotid6pulsation6during6compressions
C.6Deep6tendon6reflexes
D.6Core6body6temperature6-6ans--✔✔A.6Breath6sounds6over6bilateral6lung6fields.
After6a6hospitalization6for6Syndrome6of6Inappropriate6Antidiuretic6Hormone6(SIADH),6a6cl
ient6develops6pontine6myselinolysis.6Which6intervention6should6the6nurse6implement6first
?
A.6Reorient6client6to6his6room
B.6Place6a6patch6on6one6eye
C.6Evaluate6client's6ability6to6swallow
D.6Perform6range6of6motion6exercises6-6ans--✔✔A.6Reorient6client6to6his6room
A6male6client6with6heart6failure6(HF)6calls6the6clinic6and6reports6that6he6cannot6put6his6sh
oes6on6because6they6are6too6tight.6Which6additional6information6should6the6nurse6obtain
?
A.6What6time6did6he6take6his6last6medications?
B.6Has6his6weight6changed6in6the6last6several6days?
C.6Is6he6still6able6to6tighten6his6belt6buckle?
D.6How6many6hours6did6he6sleep6last6night?6-6ans--
✔✔B.6Has6his6weight6changed6in6the6last6several6days?
,An6older6adult6woman6with6a6long6history6of6chronic6obstructive6pulmonary6disease6(CO
PD)6is6admitted6with6progressive6shortness6of6breath6and6a6persistent6cough.6She6is6anx
ious6and6is6complaining6of6a6dry6mouth.6Which6intervention6should6the6nurse6implement?
A.6Administer6a6prescribed6sedative
B.6Encourage6client6to6drink6water
C.6Apply6a6high-flow6venturi6mask
D.6Assist6her6to6an6upright6position6-6ans--✔✔D.6Assist6her6to6an6upright6position
A6client6with6a6history6of6asthma6and6bronchitis6arrives6at6the6clinic6with6shortness6of6bre
ath,6productive6cough6with6thickened6tenacious6mucous,6and6the6inability6to6walk6up6a6fli
ght6of6stairs6without6experiencing6breathlessness.6Which6action6is6most6important6for6the
6nurse6to6instruct6the6client6about6self-care?
A.6Increase6the6daily6intake6of6oral6fluids6to6liquefy6secretions
B.6Avoid6crowded6enclosed6areas6to6reduce6pathogen6exposure
C.6Call6the6clinic6if6undesirable6side6effects6of6mediations6occur
D.6Teach6anxiety6reduction6methods6for6feelings6of6suffocation6-6ans--
✔✔A.6Increase6the6daily6intake6of6oral6fluids6to6liquefy6secretions
A6cardiac6catherterization6of6a6client6with6heart6disease6indicates6the6following6blockage
s:695%6proximal6left6anterior6descending6(LAD),699%6proximal6circumflex,6and6?
6%6proximal6right6coronary6artery6(RCA).6The6client6later6asks6the6nurse6"what6does6all6t
his6mean6for6me?"6What6information6should6the6nurse6provide?
A.6Blood6supply6to6the6heart6is6diminished6by6artherosclerotic6lesions,6which6necessitate6
lifestyle6changes.
B.6Blood6vessels6supplying6the6pumping6chamber6have6blockages6indicating6a6past6hear
t6attack.
C.6Three6main6arteries6have6major6blockages,6with6only616to65%6of6blood6flow6getting6thr
ough6to6the6heart6muscle.
D.6The6heart6is6not6receiving6enough6blood,6so6there6is6a6risk6of6heart6failure6and6fluid6ret
ention.6-6ans--
✔✔C.6Three6main6arteries6have6major6blockages,6with6only616to65%6of6blood6flow6getting
6through6to6the6heart6muscle.
A6client6who6weighs61756pounds6is6receiving6IV6bolus6dose6of6heparin6806units/
kg.6The6heparin6is6available6in6a626ml6vial,6labeled610,0006units/
ml.6How6many6ml6should6the6nurse6administer?
6(Enter6numeric6value6only.6If6rounding6is6required,6round6to6the6nearest6tenth.)6-6ans--
✔✔0.66ml
What6information6should6the6nurse6include6in6the6teaching6plan6of6a6client6diagnosed6wit
h6gastroesophageal6reflux6disease6(GERD)?
, A.6Sleep6without6pillows6at6night6to6maintain6neck6alignment.
B.6Adjust6food6intake6to6three6full6meals6per6day6and6no6snacks.
C.6Minimize6symptoms6by6wearing6loose,6comfortable6clothing
D.6Avoid6participation6in6any6aerobic6exercise6programs6-6ans--
✔✔C.6Minimize6symptoms6by6wearing6loose,6comfortable6clothing
The6nurse6is6caring6for6a6client6with6a6lower6left6lobe6pulmonary6abscess.6Which6position6
should6the6nurse6instruct6the6client6to6maintain?
A.6left6lateral
B.6Supine,6knees6flexed
C.6Dorsal6recumbent
D.6Knee-chest6-6ans--✔✔A.6left6lateral
A6client6with6cholelithiasis6has6a6gallstone6lodged6in6the6common6bile6duct6and6is6unable6
to6eat6or6drink6without6becoming6nauseated6and6vomiting.6Which6finding6should6the6nurs
e6report6to6the6healthcare6provider.
A.6Belching
B.6Amber6urine
C.6Yellow6sclera
D.6Flatulence6-6ans--✔✔C.6Yellow6sclera
While6caring6for6a6client6with6Amyotrophic6Lateral6Sclerosis6(ALS),6the6nurse6performs6a6
neurological6assessment6every6four6hours.6Which6assessment6finding6warrants6immedia
te6intervention6by6the6nurse?
A.6Inappropriate6laughter
B.6Increasing6anxiety
C.6Weakened6cough6effort
D.6Asymmetrical6weakness6-6ans--✔✔C.6Weakened6cough6effort
The6nurse6is6providing6preoperative6education6for6a6Jewish6client6scheduled6to6receive6a
6xenograft6graft6to6promote6burn6healing.6Which6information6should6the6nurse6provide6thi
s6client?
A.6Grafting6increases6the6risk6for6bacterial6infections
B.6The6xenograft6is6taken6from6nonhuman6sources
C.6Grafts6are6later6removed6by6a6debriding6procedure
D.6As6the6burn6heals,6the6graft6permanently6attaches6-6ans--
✔✔B.6The6xenograft6is6taken6from6nonhuman6sources
A6male6client6who6had6colon6surgery636days6ago6is6anxious6and6requesting6assistance6to
6reposition.6While6the6nurse6is6turning6him,6the6wound6dehiscences6and6eviscerates.6The
6nurse6moistens6an6available6sterile6dressing6and6places6it6over6the6wound.6What6interve
ntion6should6the6nurse6implement6next?
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