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FPCC Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update $13.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

FPCC Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update

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  • FPCC
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  • FPCC

Chain of infection infectious agent reservoir portal of exit transmission portal of entry susceptible host Infectious agent pathogens- capable of causing disease Reservoir a place where pathogens survive and multiply human body is the most common portal of exit for infection ...

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  • October 26, 2024
  • 50
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • FPCC
  • FPCC
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FPCC Exam 1 Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update
Chain of infection

✓ infectious agent
✓ reservoir
✓ portal of exit
✓ transmission
✓ portal of entry
✓ susceptible host



Infectious agent

✓ pathogens- capable of causing disease



Reservoir

✓ a place where pathogens survive and multiply
✓ human body is the most common



portal of exit

✓ for infection to spread, a pathogen must exit the reservoir.
✓ most frequent is through body fluids



trasmission: direct & indirect contract




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✓ direct- involves touching, kissing
✓ indirect- involves contact w/ a fomite, a contaminated object that transfers a
pathogen

✓ most common*



Contact indications & barrier protection

✓ infections

✓ private room or cohort patient
✓ gloves & gown (all PPE)



Droplet transmission

✓ when the pathogen travels in water droplets expelled as an infected person exhales,
coughs, sneezes, or talks



Droplet indications & barrier protection

✓ the flu

✓ private or cohort room
✓ surgical mask within 3 ft
✓ mask on patient when transporting



Airborne transmission

✓ for pathogens that are very small & remain infectious over long distances when
suspended in the air & easily transmitted through air currents

✓ ex. fanning linens, ventilating systems



Airborne indications & barrier protection
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✓ TB, chickenpox, measles

✓ private room
✓ negative airflow pressure
✓ door closed except entering/exiting
✓ UV air filter
✓ mask (n95)
✓ mask on patient when transporting
✓ patient leaves room ONLY if necessary



Protective isolation indications & environment

✓ immunosuppressed patient: chemotherapy, transplant, burns

✓ private room
✓ positive airflow
✓ no plants or fresh fruits
✓ full PPE



Vector

✓ organism that carries a pathogen to a susceptible host by biting or stinging, creating
another portal of entry into the body



Portal of entry

✓ normal body openings such as the eye, nostrils, mouth, urethra, vagina and anus
✓ abnormal openings such as cuts, scrapes, and surgical incisions



Susceptible host

✓ a person who is at risk for infection bc of inadequate defenses against the invading
pathogen


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Primary defense mechanisms

✓ skin-tough & resilient, prevents entry of pathogens
✓ respiratory tract- mucous membranes that trap pathogens; cilia; cough & sneezing
expel organisms
✓ eye- tears wash infective organisms from eyes
✓ mouth-saliva washes microbes from teeth & gums
✓ gi tract- acidic environment; vomiting & diarrhea
✓ gu tract- protected w/ mucous membranes



How can nursing care support the body's natural primary defenses against

infection?

✓ watching for impaired skin integrity
✓ hygiene of the patient
✓ make sure patient is breathing properly
✓ eyes are protected
✓ mouth is clean
✓ no GI, GU or bowel problems



Goals in infection control

✓ prevent exposure
✓ support patients natural defenses
✓ early detection
✓ eliminate or reduce infection
✓ educate in infection prevention & control



lifestyle factors that decrease infection risk




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