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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) NEURO EXAM | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) NEURO EXAM | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 406 Neuro Exam1. Parts of a neuron
Answer
Cell body
where the nucleus is located Dendrites
Brings impulses to cell body
Axon
Carries electrical impulse away from the cell body
2. Neuroglia Cells
Answer
Cells that support and protect neurons
- Astrocyte
- Oligodendrocytes
- Schwann Cells
3. Astrocytes
Answer
Provide structural and metabolic support for neurons.
- Transport nutrients
- Provide protection via BBB
- *Susceptible to cancerous changes (Brain tumors)*
4. Oligodendrocytes
Answer
Form myelin sheath in CNS
5. Schwann Cells
Answer
Supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system *responsible for the formation of myelin in
the periphery*
,6. Axons
Answer
- Carries nerve impulses away from the cell body
- Can contain myelin
7. Myelin
Answer
A segmented layer of lipid material that helps insulate neurons and speeds up the transmission
of nerve impulses
- Formed by Schwann Cells
8. Metabolic requirements of nervous tissue
Answer
- Brain receives 15-20% of cardiac output
- Brain consumes 20% of oxygen
- Without oxygen, brain cell death begins within 4-6 mins
- Glucose is a major source of fuel for the brain (Ketones can be used if needed)
9. Oxygen and the brain
Answer
- Passes freely across blood-brain barrier
- Consumes 20% of oxygen
- The brain can work on anaerobic metabolism but it is extremely difficult
- Without oxygen brain cell death begins within 4-6 minutes
10. Modulatory neurotransmitters
Answer
dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin
11. Excitatory Neurotransmitters
, Answer
Will depolarize cell making the transmission of the signal easier
Ex
Glutamate and Acetylcholine
12. Glutamate
Answer
- Excitatory
- Involved in memory
- Oversupply can overstimulate the brain producing migraines or seizures
13. Acetylcholine
Answer
- Excitatory
- Enables muscle action, learning and memory
- With Alzheimer's ACh producing neurons deteriorate
14. Inhibitory Neurotransmitter
Answer
Will hyperpolarize inhibiting the transmission of the signal
Ex
Dopamine and GABA
15. Dopamine
Answer
- Inhibitory
- Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotions
- Oversupply is linked to schizophrenia
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