What is a contraindication? - ANSWERSmeans that most experts would agree that it is inadvisable for the individual to be exercise tested or to engage in active exercise
In Contraindication for cardiac rehab:
What is absolute? - ANSWERSAbsolute: should never perform an exercise test- under no ci...
Uark Exsc 4833 Special Pops Dr.
Sullivan Questions & Answers
What is a contraindication? - ANSWERSmeans that most experts would agree that it is
inadvisable for the individual to be exercise tested or to engage in active exercise
In Contraindication for cardiac rehab:
What is absolute? - ANSWERSAbsolute: should never perform an exercise test- under
no circumstances
What are some signs of absolute? - ANSWERS- acute MI within 2 days
- ongoing unstable angina
- uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia
- active endocarditis
- symptomatic severe aortic stenosis
- uncontrolled heart failure
- acute pulmonary embolus, pulmonary infarction, or deep venous thrombosis
- acute myocarditis or pericarditis
- acute aortic dissection
-physical disability that precludes safe and adequate testing
In contraindication for cardiac rehab:
What is relative? - ANSWERSunder some circumstances it's OK to test them- if benefits
outweigh the risks
What are some signs of relative? - ANSWERS- left main coronary artery stenosis
- moderate to severe aortic stenosis
- recent stroke or transient ischemia attack
- HTN: SBP> 200 and/or DBP> 110 mmHg
- tachy/bradydysrrhythmias
- acquired advanced or complete heart block
- uncontrolled metabolic disease (ex. diabetes)
- mental impairment with limited ability to cooperate
- uncorrected medical conditions (anemia, electrolyte imbalance, hyperthyroidism)
What is revascularization? - ANSWERSrefers to a surgical procedure to help provide
new or additional blood supply to a body part or organ
How does revascularization develop/progress? - ANSWERS-clinically significant
occlusion (>50-75%)
- stability of plaque
- location of lesion
- symptoms
, - short and long term prognosis
- quality of life
What does PTCA stand for? - ANSWERSPercutaneous Transluminal Coronary
Angioplasty
What does CABG stand for? - ANSWERSCoronary Artery Bypass Graft
Difference between PTCA and CABG - ANSWERSCABG
- venous graft from an arm or leg is used to bypass the diseased coronary artery
beyond the site of occluded area
- arterial graft- internal mammary artery, gastroepiploic artery
-improves or completely relieves angina symptoms
-restores blood flow to the myocardium
most common open heart surgery
PTCA
- more commonly known as angioplasty or PTCA
- less invasive than CABG
- introduced in 1977
- "balloon surgery"
o inflation of the balloon compresses the lesion
-acute success rate over 84%
o restenosis occurs in ~25% of patients, uasually within first 6 months
o development of drug-eluting stents, restenosis rates have dropped to below 5% after
2 years
Under what circumstances would you have a CABG instead of a PTCA? -
ANSWERSMost individuals undergo PTCA when revascularization is necessary. Those
that do have CABG are typically older, have two or three- vessel disease and have left
ventricular function (EF= 38%, compared to those having PTCA EF=55%)
What are some potential complications of PTCA? - ANSWERS- reocculusion
- restenosis
- acute thrombotic occlusion
- MI
- arrhythmias
- dissection of coronary artery
bleeding
What is the advantage of drug-eluting stents? - ANSWERSdevelopment of drug-eluting
stents have caused:
- restenosis rates to drop to below 5% after 2 years
- acute success rate over 84%
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