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Pnr 221 Exam II with Complete Solutions/ Correct-Verified Answers
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Pnr 221 Exam II with Complete Solutions/ Correct-Verified Answers
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Pnr 221 Exam II with Complete Solutions/Correct-Verified Answers
what is the function of the artery - ANSWER carries blood away from body
what is the function of veins - ANSWER carrie blood back to heart
what is peripheral arterial disease - ANSWER involves plaque build up, leading to
progressive thickening the wall of an artery and narrowing of the arterial lumen
what is ischemia - ANSWER inadequate blood supply to organ or part of the body
PAD is a marker of what - ANSWER advanced atherosclerosis
patients with PAD are more likely to have what - ANSWER coronary artery disease or
cerebral artery disease
what does collateral circulation mean - ANSWER re-routing of blood circulation around
a blocked artery or vein via nearby minor vessles
what is the classic sign of PAD - ANSWER intermittent claudication
what is intermittent claudication - ANSWER an aching crampy, tired, and sometimes burning
pain, in the legs that comes and goes- typically occurs with walking and goes away with rest
,what does "rest pain" mean - ANSWER pain that does not go away when client rests,
inicates severe arterial insufficiency
rest pain worsens when - ANSWER leg is evevated
rest pain occurs more offen when - ANSWER at night
relief of rest pain - ANSWER when foot is in a dependent position
what is paresthesia - ANSWER an abnormal sensation, caused by pressure or damage
to peripheral nerves(pins and needles)
what is neuropathy - ANSWER disease or dysfunction of one or more peripheral nerves,
causing numbness or weakness
skin changes in PAD are due to - ANSWER poor arterial circulation, pale, cool extremities
what is elevation pallor - ANSWER foot becomes visibly pale when foot elevated
what is dependent rubor - ANSWER reddish blue color that appears 20-120 seconds after
extremity lowered
what do nails look like with PAD - ANSWER thick and brittle
wounds with PAD - ANSWER slow to heal, margins are round, punched out looking, wound
bed is either pale, pink or black.
gangrene with PAD - ANSWER appears after prolonged severe ischemia and represent necrosis
, what is atherosclerosis - ANSWER deposits of cholesterol and lipids within the wall of the artery
what is arterial emboli or thromus - ANSWER often a potential complication of invasive
procedure or trauma
what is stenosis - ANSWER from scar tissue congenital malformations
what are the biggest risk factor for PAD - ANSWER smoking, hyperlipidemia, uncontrolled
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, elevated CRP
why are cigarettes so detrimental to cardiovascular health - ANSWER chemical irritant to
vascular endothelium, inside of vessel damaged, fatty plaque enters during repair
process, beginning of atherosclerosis
nicotine is a what - ANSWER vascostrictor
cigarettes increase what - ANSWER blood viscosity
what is a DVT - ANSWER clot forms in leg veins that are deeper in the tissue causing blockage of
blood flow
complications of PAD include - ANSWER non-healing arterial ulcers, and gangrene, simple injury
can become an ulcer, amputation may be needed
do not use what when promoting arterial blood flow - ANSWER heating pad or water bottle
what should be used to promote arterial blood flow - ANSWER lower extremity to
dependent position
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