PLTW Biomedical Science Final Study Guide (2024) Newest Questions and Answers (Verified Answers)
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Course
PLTW
Institution
PLTW
What is a calorie?
Answer A unit of heat energy
2. With our crude calorimeters in class we burned food by lighting it on fire.
What chemical reaction occurs when food is burned? How does this reaction
relate to the breakdown of food for energy in our body?
AnswerA combustion reaction occurs.Th...
4. If the food sample you burned above had a mass of 10g before burning
and 8g after burning, how many calories/gram did the food contain?
Answer 1600 calories/2g = 800 calories/gram
5. We are expressing our calories calculated above as chemistry calories. How are
food calories different?
Answer 1 food Calorie = 1000 chemistry calories
6. Which macromolecules -- carbohydrates, proteins or lipids - have the high-
est calories/gram?
Answer Lipids have the highest 9 Calories/gram.
7. In our bodies the food we eat is broken down into its building blocks as it
passes through our digestive system. Answer the following questions about this
process
Where does digestion begin?
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Answer In the mouth with active chewing and the enzymes in saliva.
8. The enzymes amylase and lipase are found in saliva.Which macromolecules do
these enzymes break down?
Answer Amylase breaks down carbohydrates. Lipase breaks down lipids.
9. In the stomach, lipase and pepsin are secreted.Which macromolecule does
pepsin break down?
Answer Pepsin breaks down proteins.
10. What substance is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder? What
does it do?
Answer Bile
it helps to dissolve (emulsify) lipids
11. The duodenum is part of which organ in the digestive system?
Answer The small intestine
12. Several enzymes are secreted into the duodenum, including trypsin and
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chymotrypsin.Which macromolecule do these enzymes break down?
Answer Trypsin and chymotrypsin break down proteins.
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