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PCC Final Exam Questions & Answers
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PCC Final Exam Questions & Answers Ecological Model of Health (example of developmental) -Comprehensive and mutidimensional -Interconnection between people and physical/social environments Promotes health on multiple levels: -Individual -Family -Community -Society Clinical- Model of ...

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  • October 27, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • pcc final exam questions answers
  • ecological model of health example of development
  • clinical model of health health is defined by th

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PCC Final Exam Questions & Answers
Ecological Model of Health (example of developmental) - answer -Comprehensive
and mutidimensional
-Interconnection between people and physical/social environments
*Promotes health on multiple levels:*
-Individual
-Family
-Community
-Society

Clinical- Model of Health - answer -Health is defined by the absence of
signs/symptoms of disease
-Prevention not emphasized

Role Performance- Model of Health - answer -defines health in terms of individuals'
ability to perform social roles
-Teacher, parent, nurse
-Looking at the patients role
-Occupational health and school health we look at

Adaptive- Model of Health - answer People's ability to adjust positively to social,
mental, and physiological change is the measure of their health

Eudaimonistic- Model of Health - answer -Exuberant well-being: interaction and
interrelationships in multiple aspects of life (physical, social, psychological, and spiritual)
-"Flourishing"
-Ex: a person dying from cancer may still be healthy if they are finding meaning in life
-Looks at the big picture

Models and theories of health promotion - answer Provide a framework for health
care providers to assess, plan, and implement sustained actions that contribute to
health and improved well-being of individuals, families, communities, and society

Health Belief Model (Stretcher and Rosenstock)- see handout for example - answer
*Multiple factors that motivate individuals to learn and participate in health seeking
behaviors:*
-Belief in susceptibility
-Perceived threat/severity
-Perceived benefit of action
-Perceived barriers to taking action

Health Promotion Model (Pender)- see handout for chart - answer -Focus is that the
individual who pursues a health goal through action does this based upon: degree the

, action has value and change is wanted; degree it is likely to give positive results;
perception that goal is possible
-Cognition: Interpersonal Influences, situational influences
-Behavioral: Immediate competing demands and preferences, commitment to a plan of
action, and health promotion behavior
-Motivation: gaining benefits and lowering the threat of disease
-Decision Making: comes from your well-being and the environment that you are
surrounded with (how family, friends, and peers effect your decisions)
-Environment: sociocultural factors include race, ethnicity, education, and
socioeconomic status

Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura) - answer -Self beliefs influence behavior
-Formed through self reflection and self observation

Motivational Model (TTM-Prochaska) - answer -Feelings and motivators that affect
behavior during health and illness

Theory of Reasoned action and planned behavior (Ajzen and Fishbein) - answer -
How attitudes and subjective norms influence changes in behavior
-*Intention to change driven by:*
-Attitude toward behavior
-Subjective norm for the behavior

Example of a HP Model----TTM of change - answer *Incorporates:*
-Stages of Change
-Decisional balance
-Self-efficacy
-Processes of change
-6 stages- each provides nurse opportunity for providing info and support

Stages of change from TTM - answer -Precontemplation: not thinking about
changing
-Contemplation: no awareness; checking for pros/cons
-Preparation: taking small steps to action; intention is there
-Action: making modifications; changing
-Maintenance: prevent relapse
-Termination: No temptation to return; 100% self-efficacy

Levels of Prevention - answer -Primary: health promotion and specific protection
-Secondary: early diagnosis; prompt treatment; disability limitation
-Tertiary: restoration and rehabilitation

Primary Prevention - answer -Precedes disease/dysfunction
-Intervention: health promotion (education); specific protection (immunization, reducing
exposure to carcinogens, occupational hazards)
-Focus: maintain/improve general individual, family, community health

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