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NDAEB STUDY NOTES: QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
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NDAEB STUDY NOTES: QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
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NDAEB STUDY NOTES: QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONSAbandonment Right Ans - Withdrawing a patient from treatment without
giving reasonable notice or providing a competent replacement.
Implied consent Right Ans - Type of consent in which the patient's action
indicates consent for treatment.
Informed consent Right Ans - Permission granted by a patient after he or
she is informed about the details of a procedure.
Licensure Right Ans - License to practice in a specific state.
Malpractice Right Ans - Professional negligence.
Reciprocity (re-si-PROS-i-tee) Right Ans - System that allows individuals in
one state to obtain a license in another state without retesting.
Res gestae Right Ans - Latin for "things done." Statements made by a
person present at the time of an alleged negligent act that are admissible as
evidence in a court of law.
Res ipsa loquitur Right Ans - Latin phrase for "the thing speaks for itself."
Respondeat superior Right Ans - Latin for "Let the master answer." Legal
doctrine that holds an employer liable for acts of the employee.
Tort law Right Ans - Involving an act that brings harm to a person or
damage to property.
HIPAA Right Ans - The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
of 1996 specifies federal regulations that ensure privacy regarding a patient's
healthcare information.
Autonomy (aw-TON-uh-mee) Right Ans - Self-determination.
Code of ethics Right Ans - Voluntary standards of behavior established by a
profession.
,Confidentiality Right Ans - Never revealing any personal information about
the patient.
Ethics Right Ans - Moral standards of conduct; rules or principles that
govern proper conduct.
Veracity Right Ans - Truthfulness; not lying to the patient.
Nonmaleficence Right Ans - Of no harm to the patient.
Anatomy (uh-NAT-uh-mee) Right Ans - Study of the shape and structure of
the human body.
Appendicular (ap-en-DIK-yoo-ler) Right Ans - Pertaining to the body
region that consists of the arms and legs.
Axial (AK-see-ul) Right Ans - Referring to the body region that comprises
the head, neck, and trunk.
Cytoplasm (SI-toe-plaz-em) Right Ans - Gel-like fluid inside the cell.
Dorsal cavity Right Ans - Cavity located in the back of the body.
Epithelial (ep-i-THEE-lee-ul) tissue Right Ans - Type of tissue that forms
the covering of all body surfaces.
Frontal plane Right Ans - Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior
(front) and posterior (back) portions.
Horizontal plane Right Ans - Plane that divides the body into superior
(upper) and inferior (lower) portions.
Midsagittal plane Right Ans - Imaginary line that divides the patient's [face]
into equal right and left sides.
Parietal (puh-RYE-e-tul) Right Ans - Pertaining to the walls of a body
cavity.
,Sagittal (SADJ-ih-tal) plane Right Ans - Any vertical plane parallel to the
midline that divides the body into unequal left and right portions.
Ventral cavity Right Ans - Cavity located at the front of the body.
Four main tissue types have been identified in the human body: Right Ans -
(1) epithelial, (2) connective, (3) muscle, and (4) nerve tissue
Epithelial tissue Right Ans - Epithelial tissue forms a covering for the
external and internal body surfaces (e.g., the skin on the outside of the body,
the lining of the oral cavity and intestines). The purposes of epithelial cells are
to (1) provide protection, (2) produce secretions, and (3) regulate the passage
of materials across them. Some epithelial cells are specialized, meaning that
they have special functions associated with skin color, hair, nails, mucous
production, and sweat regulation.
Connective tissue Right Ans - is the major support material of the body. It
provides support for the body and connects its organs and tissues. Fat,
tendons, ligaments, bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph are all types of
connective tissue. Specific types of connective tissue can store fat, destroy
bacteria, produce blood cells, and develop antibodies against infection and
disease.
Muscle tissue Right Ans - Muscle tissue has the ability to lengthen and
shorten and thus move body parts. Skeletal muscles are either voluntary or
involuntary. For example, when you decide when to move your arms or legs,
the muscle movement is voluntary. However, the beating of your heart, the
churning of your stomach, and changes in the pupils of your eyes are
controlled by involuntary muscle movements.
Nerve tissue Right Ans - Nerve tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and
nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.
It stimulates muscle contraction and plays a major role in emotions, memory,
and reasoning. Nerve tissue also has the unique ability to react to
environmental changes, such as heat, cold, light, or pressure. Nerve tissue
carries messages from all areas of the body to the brain and from the brain to
all areas of the body. To perform these functions, cells in nerve tissue must
communicate with each other by way of electrical nerve impulses.
, The human body has 10 systems: Right Ans - (1) skeletal, (2) muscular, (3)
cardiovascular (including lymphatic and immune systems), (4) nervous, (5)
respiratory, (6) digestive, (7) endocrine, (8) urinary, (9) integumentary (skin),
and (10) reproductive.
The axial skeleton Right Ans - The axial skeleton (80 bones) consists of the
skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum. Its function is to protect the major
organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
The appendicular skeleton Right Ans - The appendicular skeleton (126
bones) consists of the upper extremities and shoulder area plus the lower
extremities and pelvic area. It protects the organs of digestion and
reproduction.
Skeletal System
206 bones Right Ans - Protection, support, and shape; hematopoietic;
storage of certain minerals
Muscular System Right Ans - *Striated, smooth, and cardiac muscle
*Holding body erect, locomotion, movement of body fluids, production of body
heat, communication
Cardiovascular System Right Ans - *Heart, arteries, veins, blood
*Respiratory, nutritive, excretory
Lymphatic and immune systems Right Ans - *White blood cells; lymph
fluid, vessels, and nodes; spleen and tonsils
*Defense against disease, conservation of plasma proteins and fluid, lipid
absorption
Nervous system Right Ans - *Central and peripheral nervous systems,
special sense organs
*Reception of stimuli, transmission of messages, coordinating mechanism
Respiratory system Right Ans - *Nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx,
epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
*Transport of oxygen to cells, excretion of carbon dioxide and some water
wastes
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