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NR546 Week 5 Test -Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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NR546 Week 5 Test -Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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NR546 Week 5 Test -Questions with Correct Answers/ VerifiedPharmacologic Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder - ✔✔Selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs)
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs)
Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs)
Miscellaneous antidepressants
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitors
Adjunct: antipsychotics
Pharmacologic Treatment of Bipolar Disorder - ✔✔Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Second generation antipsychotics
Mood disorders: role of the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is to: -
✔✔determine the malfunctioning brain circuit responsible for the client's presenting
symptoms and select the appropriate medication that targets the associated
neurotransmitter(s)
Mood disorders manifest across a spectrum from: - ✔✔mania to major depressive disorder
(MDD)
Unipolar depression - ✔✔major depressive disorder (MDD)
one of the most common mental disorders
-Approximately 7.1% of adults in the U.S. had episode in last year, prevalence highest
(13.1%) among individuals aged 18-25
S/S
-depressed mood
-loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities
-irritability
,-withdrawal
-problems with sleep, eating, energy, concentration, or self-worth
-severe depression: may experience thoughts of suicide or psychotic symptoms.
Bipolar disorder (BD) - ✔✔Chronic condition characterized by extreme fluctuations in mood,
energy, and ability to function
-Moods may be manic, hypomanic, or depressed and may include mixed mood or psychotic
features
-many have only experienced only one manic episode in their lifetime
-Mood fluctuations may be separated by periods of high stability or may cycle rapidly
-diagnosed when a client has one or more episodes of mania or hypomania with a history of
one or more major depressive episodes
-high risk for suicide
mania - ✔✔characterized by a persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood. Related
symptoms may include inflated self-esteem, increased goal-directed activity or energy,
including grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, excessive talkativeness, racing thoughts,
flight of ideas (FOI), distractibility, psychomotor agitation, and a propensity to be involved in
high-risk activities. Mania leads to significant functional impairment and may include
psychotic features or necessitate hospitalization
Bipolar Type I: - ✔✔requires at least one episode of mania for at least one week (or any
duration if hospitalization due to symptoms is required)
Bipolar Type II: - ✔✔diagnosis requires a current or past hypomanic episode and a current
or past major depressive episode. Symptoms last for at least 4 days but fewer than seven.
-Hypomanic symptoms are not of sufficient duration or severity to cause significant
functional impairment, psychosis, or hospitalization.
-Anger and irritability are common.
-Clients often enjoy the elevation of mood and are reluctant to report these symptoms,
making bipolar more difficult to diagnose if the client presents in the depression phase.
, Cyclothymia: - ✔✔involves the chronic presentation of hypomanic and depressive
symptoms that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for a major depressive or
manic/hypomanic episode.
If bipolar depression is mistaken for MDD: - ✔✔antidepressant therapy may precipitate a
manic episode or induce rapid-cycling bipolar depression
-may contribute to the increased incidence of death by suicide in children and adults
younger than 25
Antidepressants are used cautiously in clients with bipolar disorder and never as
________________. - ✔✔monotherapy
-Antidepressants should be combined with a mood stabilizer to prevent the onset of a
hypomanic or manic episode
DA, NE Dysfunction causes what mood related symptoms - ✔✔Decreased positive affect:
depressed mood
loss of joy
lack of interest
loss of energy
decreased alertness
decreased self-confidence
appetite changes
5HT, NE Dysfunction causes what mood related symptoms - ✔✔Increased negative affect:
depressed mood
guilt
fear/anxiety
hostility
irritability
loneliness
appetite changes
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