What 2 concepts did psychology derive from? - (correct answer) -philosophy and physiology; philosophy (thinking of the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mind), physiology (body)
ty ty ty
Define psychology - (correct answer) -scientific study of human thought and behavior
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What are the goals of psychology? - (correct answer) -description (usually broad), explanation(why does a relation exist? or
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
why does someone do things in certain ways), prediction(experimental studies, cause & effect) and change( how can you
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
change a behavior or mental process)
ty ty ty ty ty ty
Critical thinking - (correct answer) -soft skill, process of objectively evaluating, comparing, analyzing, and synthesizing info
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
consists of the brain and spinal cord - (correct answer) -central nervous system (CNS)
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
An antagonist drug that blocks an excitatory neurotransmitter like acetylcholine, which works in muscle action, will lead to.... -
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
(correct answer) -paralysis
ty ty ty
What is the part of the brain that is most likely overactive in someone who suffers from panic disorder? - (correct answer) -
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
amygdala
We are able to learn a new language or a new sport because of the brain's .... - (correct answer) -neuroplasticity
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
When your hand touches a hot stove, you immediately and reflexively pull away. This action is controlled by your.... - (correct
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
answer) -spinal cord
ty ty ty
Evidence for _____ can be found when adopted children's behavior resembles that of their adopted family. - (correct answer)
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
-predominance of "nurture"
ty ty ty
This neurotransmitter is suspected of playing a role in Alzheimer's disease - (correct answer) -Acetylcholine
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
One of the hormones released by the adrenal glands in response to stress is... - (correct answer) -cortisol
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the name of the bundle of fibers that carries information between the brain's right and left hemispheres? - (correct
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
answer) -corpus callosum
ty ty ty
Your text presented an analogy showing that neurotransmission at synapse is like___, whereas hormonal communication is
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
like ____. - (correct answer) -an individual e-mail; global e-mail
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The fatty insulation surrounding the axon of most neurons is called ______ - (correct answer) -myelin sheath
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Neurotrasnmitters - (correct answer) -chemicals that cross the synaptic gap and bind to receptors on another neuron ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the major sensory relay area for the brain? - (correct answer) -thalamus
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Structuralism made an important contribution to the science of psychology because it _____. - (correct answer) -established a
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
model for the scientific study of mental processes
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
,____ research observes and records behaviors without manipulating variables or producing casual explanations. - (correct
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
answer) -Descriptive
ty ty
Psychology is defined as the.... - (correct answer) -scientific study of behavior and mental process
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What stage of the scientific method will someone be at if they make a prediction that drinking alcohol will make people more
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
violent during a sporting event? - (correct answer) -forming a testable hypothesis
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
A sample is BEST defined as _____ - (correct answer) -selected group of participants that is representative of a larger
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
population
ty
An example of ________ correlation would be the more a mother smokes, the more damage a fetus suffers. - (correct
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
answer) -positive
ty ty
The largest specialty area in the field of psychology is ________ - (correct answer) -clinical psychology
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Cause-and-effect conclusions can be drawn from _____ studies. - (correct answer) -experimental ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
SQ4R stands for.... - (correct answer) -survey, question, read, recite, review, write
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Replication increases scientific confidence in a theory if the _____ - (correct answer) -findings are similar across studies
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
In a case study, researchers are most likely to.... - (correct answer) -conduct an in-depth study of a single research participant
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Hypothesis - (correct answer) -specific prediction about how one variable is related to another
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Dr. Watson, from the ______ school of psychology, focused on objective, observable behavior rathe than on the unconscious.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
- (correct answer) -behaviorist
ty ty ty ty
pseudopsychology - (correct answer) -a claim that evidence comes from scientific methods (ex, psychics, mediums, palmists, ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
astrologers..); gives the appearance of science but is false
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
clincial - (correct answer) -more serious, evaluation and diagnosis, deals more with psychological disorders
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
counseling - (correct answer) -patients don't usually have mental disorders, focuses more on social (i.e. marriage)
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Structuralism - (correct answer) -discovered by Edward Titchener, established a scientific method for how we study human
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
thought, failed. it sought to identify the basic building blocks of mental life via introspection and determine how these
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
elements combine from experience
ty ty ty ty
Functionalism - (correct answer) -studied how the mind functions to enable humans and other animals to adapt to their
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
environment influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. it expanded the scope of psychology to include research on
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
emotions and observable behaviors
ty ty ty ty
psychodynamic - (correct answer) -more dynamic, more efficient and quicker- helps with conflicts within self (ex, ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
displacement- trying to emotionally deal with something we put down before- displaced with an unthreatening source when
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
you catch yourself it moves from unconscious to conscious
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
goal of psychodynamic perspective - (correct answer) -explore unconscious dynamics, internal motives, conflicts, and
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
childhood experiences
ty ty
behaviorism/ behavioral perspective - (correct answer) -most successful in treating observable behavioral problems like
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
phobias and alcoholism, founded by John B. Watson, it rejected the practice of introspection and the influence of
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
unconscious forces
ty ty
How we think or process information - (correct answer) -Cognitive
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Wisdoms. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.