NUR 336 PEDS EXAM
LATEST ACTUAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
100+QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES
Question 1
A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with asthma and prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid.
What should the nurse educate the parents about to prevent potential complications?
Answer and Rationale: Educate the parents to have the child rinse their mouth with water after
each use of the inhaler. Inhaled corticosteroids can cause oral thrush (a fungal infection) if
residue remains in the mouth, and rinsing helps remove any remaining medication.
Question 2
A 6-month-old infant presents with dehydration and is not tolerating oral fluids. What is
the priority intervention for this infant?
Answer and Rationale: The priority is to initiate IV fluids to replace fluids and electrolytes, as
the infant is not tolerating oral intake. This helps prevent further dehydration and potential
complications like electrolyte imbalance. Monitoring urine output and vital signs is also important
to assess hydration status.
,Question 3
A nurse is assessing the developmental milestones of a 2-year-old. Which of the
following should the child be able to perform?
Answer and Rationale: A typical 2-year-old should be able to walk up and down stairs with
assistance, use two-word phrases, and start developing fine motor skills, such as stacking
blocks. These milestones reflect gross motor skills, language development, and fine motor
coordination expected at this age.
Question 4
An 8-year-old with type 1 diabetes is learning to self-administer insulin. What is the best
initial approach for the nurse to support this child’s learning?
Answer and Rationale: The nurse should first demonstrate the insulin injection, then guide the
child through practicing with supervision. Using a hands-on, supportive approach builds
confidence, as well as addresses age-appropriate learning strategies by engaging them directly
in the process.
Question 5
A 3-year-old child is in the hospital for a respiratory infection and is experiencing
separation anxiety. What is the best nursing intervention?
Answer and Rationale: Encourage parents to stay at the bedside and bring familiar objects
from home. At this age, children often experience separation anxiety, and having familiar faces
and items helps comfort them and reduces stress in a hospital setting.
Question 6
A 10-year-old child is scheduled for surgery and expresses fear about the procedure.
What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Answer and Rationale: The nurse should encourage the child to talk about their fears and
provide age-appropriate explanations about the surgery. Addressing the child’s concerns
directly helps build trust and allows the nurse to provide reassurance and comfort, reducing
anxiety.
, Question 7
A child with a history of seizures is prescribed phenytoin. Which parental teaching is
essential regarding side effects?
Answer and Rationale: Instruct parents to monitor for gum hypertrophy and maintain good oral
hygiene, as phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia. Routine dental visits and proper oral care
are crucial to manage this side effect.
Question 8
An infant is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. What dietary change should the
nurse recommend?
Answer and Rationale: Encourage the introduction of iron-fortified cereals and formula if the
infant is not breastfeeding. Iron is essential for preventing anemia and promoting growth and
development, especially in infants at risk of deficiency.
Question 9
A 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis requires chest physiotherapy (CPT). What is the best
time to perform this therapy?
Answer and Rationale: CPT should ideally be performed before meals to prevent nausea and
vomiting. It helps clear mucus from the airways, improving respiratory function, and allowing for
better food intake post-therapy.
Question 10
A nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral antibiotics to a 2-year-old. What is
the best technique to suggest?
Answer and Rationale: Use a syringe to slowly squirt the medication toward the inside cheek,
which reduces the chance of choking or spitting out the medication. This technique is
particularly helpful for young children who may resist oral medications.
Question 11
A child is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and is receiving IV immunoglobulin (IVIG)
therapy. What is a priority nursing assessment?
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