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Samenvatting Psychiatrie een inleiding 8ste editie Nevid,Rathus en Greend
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Samenvatting van het complete boek. ik heb mijn toetsen met deze samenvatting de eerste keer gehaald. Doe er je voordeel mee.
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By: carlaifte • 7 year ago
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,,Hoofdstuk 1 Introductie........................................................................................ 13
1.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 13
1.2 Definiëren van afwijkend gedrag.................................................................13
1.2.1 Criteria voor abnormaliteit....................................................................13
1.2.2 Culturele aspecten voor afwijkend gedrag............................................14
1.3 Historische visies op afwijkend gedrag........................................................14
1.3.1 Hippocrates........................................................................................... 14
1.3.2 Exorcisme en heksenvervolging............................................................14
1.3.3 Gekkenhuizen....................................................................................... 15
1.3.4 Vanaf 1800 hervormingen.....................................................................15
1.3.5 Anti psychiatrische beweging...............................................................15
1.3.6 Evidence based medicine.....................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 2 Visies op oorzaak en gevolg van psychische stoornissen.................17
2.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 17
2.2 Het biologische perspectief.........................................................................17
2.2.1 Het zenuwstelsel................................................................................... 17
2.3 Het psychologisch perspectief....................................................................20
2.3.1 Psychodynamische modellen (Freud)....................................................20
2.3.2 Leermodellen........................................................................................ 21
2.3.3 Cognitieve modellen (Ellis en Beck)......................................................21
2.3.4 Humanistische modellen.......................................................................22
2.4 Het sociaal-culturele perspectief.................................................................22
2.5 Het biopsychosociaal perspectief................................................................22
2.5.1 Het diathese model............................................................................... 22
Hoofdstuk 3 Classificatie en beoordeling van afwijkende emoties, gedachten en
gedrag.................................................................................................................. 25
3.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 25
3.2 Classificatie van afwijkende gedragspatronen............................................25
, 3.2.1 DSM IV en modellen afhankelijksheidsgedrag.......................................25
3.3 Kenmerken van de DSM-IV..........................................................................25
3.3.1 Evaluatie van het DSM systeem............................................................26
3.3.2 Voor en nadelen van het DSM systeem.................................................27
3.4 Beoordelingsmethoden............................................................................... 27
3.4.1 Het klinische interview..........................................................................27
Interviewvormen............................................................................................ 27
3.4.2 Psychologische test............................................................................... 28
Intelligentietests............................................................................................ 28
Zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijst............................................................................28
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)..................................28
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI).....................................................28
Evaluatie van zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijsten..................................................29
3.4.3 Neuropsychologische beoordeling........................................................29
De Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test..............................................................29
De Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychologische batterij.........................................29
De Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychologische batterij...........................................29
3.4.4 Gedragsbeoordeling.............................................................................. 29
Zelfwaarneming............................................................................................. 29
Cognitieve beoordeling.................................................................................. 29
3.4.5 Fysiologische beoordeling en beeldvormende technieken....................29
Technieken om de hersenen in beeld te brengen...........................................30
Hoofdstuk 4 Behandelmethoden voor psychische stoornissen.............................31
4.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 31
4.2 Soorten hulpverleners................................................................................. 31
4.3 Psychotherapie (meest voorkomende behandelvormen)............................31
4.3.1 Psychoanalyse & psychodynamische therapie......................................31
4.3.2 Humanistische therapie........................................................................32
, 4.3.3 Gedragstherapie................................................................................... 32
4.3.4 Cognitieve therapie............................................................................... 32
4.3.5 Cognitieve gedragstherapie..................................................................32
4.3.6 Groeps-, gezins- en relatietherapie.......................................................33
4.3.7 Evaluatie van psychotherapeutische methoden...................................33
4.3.8 Etnische aspecten van psychotherapie.................................................33
4.4 Biologisch georiënteerde therapieën...........................................................34
4.4.1 Medicatie.............................................................................................. 34
4.4.2 Andere biologische interventies............................................................34
Hoofdstuk 5 Stress, psychologische factoren en de invloed op gezondheid.........37
5.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 37
5.1.1 Stress.................................................................................................... 37
5.2 Aanpassingstoornissen................................................................................ 37
5.3 Stress en ziekte........................................................................................... 37
5.3.1 Stress en de hypothalamus-hypofyse-bijnier-as....................................37
5.3.2 Stress en het immuunsysteem..............................................................37
5.3.3 Het algemeen aanpassingsyndroom (Selye).........................................37
5.3.4 Acculturatieve stress...........................................................................37
5.3.5 Psychologische factoren die stress verlichten.......................................38
5.4 Psychologische factoren en lichamelijke factoren.......................................38
5.4.1 Maagzweren; wel of niet psychosomatisch?.........................................38
5.4.2 Hoofdpijn............................................................................................... 38
5.4.3 Hart- en vaatziekten (doodsoorzaak nummer 1)...................................38
5.4.4 Kanker................................................................................................... 39
Hoofdstuk 6 Stoornissen die ontstaan in de kindertijd en adolescentie...............41
6.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 41
6.2 Prevalentie van geestelijke gezondheidsproblemen bij kinderen en
adolescenten..................................................................................................... 41
6.2.1 Risicofactoren voor jeugdstoornissen zijn:............................................41
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