NUR 2092 Exam 1 Nutritional Nursing
Rasmussen 2019
1. Catabolism
the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with
the release of energy; destructive metabolism.
2. Mastication
grind, crush, and chew (food)
3. protein
Your body uses protein to build and repair tissues. You also use protein to make enzymes,
hormones, and other body chemicals. Protein is an important building block of bones, muscles,
cartilage, skin, and blood.
4. Albumin
a simple form of protein that is soluble in water and coagulable by heat, such as that found in egg
white, milk, and (in particular) blood serum.
5. Prebiotics
foods (typically high-fiber foods) that act as food for human microflora. Prebiotics are used with
the intention of improving the balance of these microorganisms. Examples
yogurt and sauerkraut.
6. Functional fiber example
, Functional fibers are isolated, nondigestible forms of carbohydrate that have been extracted
from starchy foods or manufactured from starches or sugars.They may have some of the benefits
of naturally occurring dietary fiber, such as helping to prevent constipation or lowering blood
glucose levels after meals. Examples
Beta-glucans may be extracted from oats, mushrooms, and yeast; isolated cellulose may be
derived from various sources, such as oat hulls, wheat, peas, soy, or cottonseed fiber.
7. glucose
a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of
many carbohydrates. Example
disaccharides and polysaccharides are sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar) and starch.
Most foods contain glucose, fructose or both
8. amino acids
organic compounds that combine to form proteins. Amino acids and proteins are the building
blocks of life. When proteins are digested or broken down, amino acids are left. The human
body uses amino acids to make proteins to help the body
when blood's potassium levels are too low. Potassium is an important electrolyte for nerve and
muscle cell functioning, especially for muscle cells in the heart. Your kidneys control your
body's potassium levels, allowing for excess potassium to leave the body through urine or
sweat.
10. Probiotics
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